Deb O's Blog

Subscribe to RSS feed

The time in between

I’ve been in a hotel with the two boys (4 and 7) for one full week. They get along about 80 percent of the time. They mostly love the computer so they want to be on it constantly. I have finally booted them off so I can have an hour. It’s mostly the noise that is getting to me. They talk constantly and as the day goes on, they seem to get louder and louder. I can’t decide if my ears are getting tired as the day goes on or if they really are getting louder.

As long as I can remember, I have been tired a lot. Even as a teenager, I would nap every day after school. As I got older, it got harder to nap because the common work world wants us all to work all day. Likely, I would fall asleep early around 9 o’clock. Now I am a stay-at-home mom, work-inside-the-house person, queen of the hearth, etc. I nap almost every day. It’s hard to sort it all out though. For example, 7 years ago, D’Artagnan was born and proceeded to have ear infections for the first two years of life. Hence, I was awake every night in the middle of the night. Plus I breast fed him for the first 10 months. Before he turned two, I got pregnant with Draegan. Then he proceeded to have ear infections the first two years of life. And I worked full time during this whole period in life. Draegan has always slept light. Between two and four years old, he slept most nights when he didn’t wake up with nose bleeds. Then just past turning four, he was diagnosed with Diabetes. Now I (or Daryl) am up every night around 2am to check his blood sugar. And Draegan, nearly without fail, gets up around 6am every day. So I have had interrupted sleep for seven years. I have had chronic stomach aches for three years. Now I am on Seraquel and Cymbalta, a nice combination that has relieved my stomach aches a lot. The Seraquel has the side effect of making me very tired. So now I am even more tired than before. However, I have the strange experience of looking forward to the tiredness of the Seraquel . I do not lie awake at night thinking and worrying. Unfortunately, it doesn’t seem to really wear off until around noon. So I have the experience of fighting sleepiness all morning.

My last psychiatrist suggested I might be narcoleptic. This makes me laugh out loud. Having googled it, of course, it actually seems quite plausible. I really have been tired as long as I can remember. I have bursts of energy that last about 2 or 3 hours and then I get incredibly sleepy. I organize my whole life around this, making sure we do all our intense work in the morning and if I am lucky, I get a little bit more done after nap at about 4pm.

I tried to find a psychiatrist around my area but it appears my new insurance is complicated. I tried to find a psychiatrist today and had to call a couple different places and be told I kept calling the wrong places. If I was suicidal, they would have lost me. Anyway, I got an appointment with an obgyn, so hopefully, they can recommend someone for me. Maybe I’ll try finding one and then see if they take my insurance. It’s probably an exercise in disappointment doing it that way….

Bindweed, Explorer of Earth and The Star

I had an amazing tarot weekend recently. It was beautiful and powerful. I was surrounded by “Crones,” those wise women older than I, warm and loving and full of understanding. I discovered the Gaian Tarot deck this weekend and I am quite overcome by the beauty of it. In fact, tonight I am feeling some anxiety. The cards gave me such great guidance and I drew a lot of major arcana. This scares me. Even today and yesterday I drew lots of majors. They indicate big change in all kinds of ways. Will I live up to all this? Somehow I am afraid I will disappoint the cards, the entities who help us through life. I look for specific measurable results in life but I’m wondering if there are other differences I could be looking for. How would I know them if I met them? Are they feelings? I haven’t trusted them in a long time. Being a creature on Zoloft, who knows what is real in that realm? And yet I look to my feelings to know how I am doing in life no matter what specific measurable results I may have.

What is real? I have spent time in this space before, but not very long. It’s too unstable and I have children to take care of. I can’t afford to question my existence and reality. Even as I feel unsatisfied with the tasks of my day to day existence, and look for a new view of life, I worry about stepping on unsteady ground and losing my ability to function.

Some things are important. The boys need fed and a stable home. I take care of my relationship with Daryl. My parents and brother feel loved. What else is there in the specific measurable universe? Learning new things, fun, being a source of wisdom and guidance for others, being loved and loving. These easily slip into a not-specific universe….

One of the thoughts I left my tarot weekend with was “It is time to give up the Bindweed.” This the number 15 card of the major arcane in the Gaian Tarot deck (traditionally the Devil). How will this show up in my life? I also drew the Explorer of Earth as a response to what I’m committed to in life. This is traditionally the knight/prince of pentacles. Normally I choose the Queen of pentacles as my significator (called Guardian of Earth in the Gaian Tarot). I certainly see myself at a point where I’m hovering between the two. There’s not much expertise in the outdoors though. It’s more of a proficiency in maintaining a household. I don’t feel like I’m in the right climate to start spending one on one time with nature but I would like to more, maybe as it gets colder out. Still, what does it mean? I feel like I’m waiting to have it revealed. One of the wise ones in my class told me it was my job to be “open” to what Gaia gives. That she will take care of Draegan and me in ways I don’t know of yet. I just need to be open. I also drew the Star at one point and she strikes me as a creature of grace and “being” rather than a call to action. Receptive and giving without being busy with doing.

Fumbling idiot in despair

It’s been a long time since I felt this dead. Despair is such a weird condition – hopelessness that goes on and on. It completely defies logic. I don’t want to do anything, my body feels so heavy and my eyes just want to be closed. I don’t think I’m sick. I think I’m depressed. I keep thinking I’m moving through all the stages of this diabetes life I’m living now but then I seem to sink further somehow. It’s only three months until Christmas, my favorite time of year, and I can hardly get myself to care. I even just spent $100 amazon gift certificate and it did nothing to make me feel happy. Maybe it’s not the diabetes, maybe it’s chemical. If anything, I’ve been feeling more accepting and optimistic about my life now but then this despair moved in. For the last 24 hours, all I have wanted to do is sleep.

I suppose this last trip to mom’s didn’t go so well. She is going to need shoulder surgery again and I can’t help her this time. I have to be home for D’Artagnan every day. I might have been able to work something out if I was my normal self, but I have no desire to help anyone but the kids. I don’t even have energy to help Daryl out much. Honestly, the day I let mom and Tom manage Draegan’s blood sugars was a disaster. But Tom and I learned from it and I know he could take care of Draegan for at least a couple days at a time. But not mom. She has her own health to take care of. There is no way she could keep her attention on Draegan as much as he needs right now in life.

Daryl checked Draegan’s blood last night at 3am and gave him raisins because he was going low but I had been trying to avoid giving him any snacks at night to determine if he is taking the right amount of Lantus. Of course, Daryl got upset at me. I was visited by my old racket, Hate. And my next thought was how entirely alone I felt in life. I haven’t felt so alone since I was a kid. He has been so busy taking care of his own sicknesses that he hasn’t been there for me. I certainly haven’t been there for him.

I don’t even feel like I’m doing much for Draegan. I make sure he eats and I check his blood sugar. I pay bills and call the insurance company when they won’t cover something. I try to figure out why we feel broke so often when we seem to make a great amount of money. Auto repairs, hospital bills, food, gas, etc. I suppose the fun stuff we do like ordering pizza, or paying for Daryl and I’s magic stuff, just doesn’t seem like enough to make up for everything else. I tried to create a schedule today for Drae and I – jumpstart in the morning, art after lunch, puzzles and games later – but I could barely get myself to do any of it. I know I could be creating so much more in life but I just don’t seem to have any will or energy. My mind goes and goes with ideas and thoughts but I just don’t seem to find any joy lately.

I spent some time yesterday on amazon trying to find books about parents’ experience with little kids having type 1 diabetes. I actually couldn’t find many. I know I need something about how to deal with all these emotions, how to create myself anew, how to figure out what to do next. I need something that is going to tell me it’s okay to feel this miserable about this situation, something that is going to give me a timeline. I need to hear other parent’s stories about how they go through it, how long it took, then maybe I’ll start to believe this is all going to be all right. I need to hear something about how their child’s blood sugars had no discernable consistency for weeks on end, how they thought they were going to lose their minds late at night from worry, anxiety and depression. I need to feel that I am not alone as well as know it logically. Strangely, I found a few books that appear to have some of this in them but most I had to buy used because they are not printed anymore.

Tomorrow we go to a class on insulin pumps and I have an appointment with the endocrinologist about Draegan’s blood sugars. Maybe these actions will make a big difference. Maybe a pump will make me feel more in control and less like a fumbling idiot trying to keep my precious boy alive.

Crying to the Universe

Some people write interesting blogs. Mine is crying to the universe. I have a headache and I’m tired. I‘m sleeping so badly – I just keep thinking and thinking instead of falling asleep at night. I get up and check Draegan’s blood at whatever a.m. it is and then I lay there thinking. Worrying about Draegan and now worrying about Daryl. His platelets are low so he had gone to a hematologist. He has some condition that may or may not pass. It is not Leukemia. But if his platelets don’t go up on their own, he is going to have to get treatments that have various side effects. He told me this last night and I just tossed it on the crap pile that includes diabetes, Daryl’s stress with his job, Daryl trying to figure out if he should go with a new job (and move us all to California), my mom’s health issues, the confusing and annoying behavior of the boys. That’s the big stuff. The problem is the crap pile makes all the normal stuff in life seem so much harder. I spend all day with Draegan, I have so little will to do go out, he wants me to play with him constantly, his brother is at school until 3pm and D’Artagnan doesn’t want to play with him when he gets home anyway. D’Artagnan comes home crabby and Draegan is tired by 3pm so they both squabble and call my name repeatedly. I find myself turning on the tv a lot during the day to get Draegan to let me sleep. Of course, I sleep in the same room with him because I’m afraid to leave him alone (low blood sugar) so he wakes me up again and again. I feel my own anxiety slowly increasing but I don’t know if that is just hormones or everything piling up.

Tonight I am going to my Tarot group but I don’t want to. I don’t want to do anything. I am so depressed and hopeless. I just hate being this way in life – it is so familiar – but I’ve never felt quite so exhausted about it all. Everything seems pointless and I’m easily confused. I just want to sleep for a long time. Last night I tried to fall asleep thinking about all the specific things I’m grateful for in life – my family is alive and together – but it took so much will not to go down the paths of pleading for help, in not thinking “woe is me” about so many issues. So even being present to appreciation seems out of reach right now.

I focus on Draegan walking around the living room. Most of the day he is a little bundle of joy, excited about all kinds of little things in life. Thank god he can still make me smile every day.

Eating raisins at 4am

Yesterday we met with a mom and her child who has diabetes. A “play date.” The boys and the girl played at a local playground. The mom I was with checked her child’s blood sugar twice in the hour we were there. She actually had it scheduled. “I need to check her in seven minutes,” she said at one point. I blinked at her because I didn’t realize she checked her so much. Her daughter’s blood sugar was 125. What a great number, I said. She then pulled out a graph and showed me how they chart her child’s blood sugars all day. They have a pump so they are constantly controlling how much short acting insulin her child gets. It even has a remote on it. They have no long acting insulin working in the back ground. Draegan came over at some point looking tired and thirsty. Because he looked this way, I checked his sugars and he was at 325. A crazy high number. I gave him a shot of insulin, 1.5 units and sent him back to play. 45 minutes later he was still up at 266. Her daughter was at 115. She decided that her daughter’s insulin was coming down so she gave her a quarter of a glucose tablet so she wouldn’t be too low by lunch at 12:30 pm.

It sure would appear that the pump is the way to go. They seem to have so much more control. There is a big draw back in my mind. I don’t want to check Draegan’s blood sugars every hour. That would mean pricking his fingers at least 12 times a day. And then I would need to figure out something to do every time I checked his sugars. Should I give him more insulin? Should I make him eat something? Where is the freedom to just live and play without constant interruption? Of course, with a pump I wouldn’t have to interrupt him to give him insulin…. I’m really not sure what to do. Perhaps I should be even more obsessive. Maybe I would get used to the pump and it would be easier. I’ve been trying to get a hold of the endocrinologist, but we are just leaving messages with each other. Maybe I’ll just call the pump companies directly soon. The second draw back is the insertion site on his body. It has to be changed every other day and it can hurt for a while after it gets put in.

All I know is that when I left the play date, I thought I would lose my mind if I checked him as often as they do. But on the other hand, her numbers were a lot better than Draegan’s. A LOT better. Would her daughter have less complications in the long run? Would she keep her eyesight and kidneys longer? Would she have less heart attacks and strokes? Would she have a happier life? If anything, the reality of him having diabetes keeps getting worse. Every day we are hit with how inadequate we are as his pancreas. If I check him constantly, am I just going to make him crazy mentally, constantly pricking his fingers until he can’t feel anything anymore? If I don’t check him enough, will I just be watching his body deteriorate throughout the rest of his life? These are the questions that have me lay awake half the night (in between checking his sugars at midnight and/or at 2am and/or at 4am when we sometimes eat raisins) and then leave me exhausted all day.

Draegan's dragon spirit

Today my nose is stuffy and my sinuses are aching. I slept late in one of those dozing type sleeps where there are way too many dreams. The dreams leave me with a lot of strong feelings – embarrassment, fear, frustration, sadness and general sense of demanding “why?” I had another plane crash dream. I am not on the plane. I am outside watching the huge jet come crashing down to the ground. It’s appropriate I suppose since it is Sept. 11th. I’ve had so many of this dream that in my dream I say to the people around me, “if that plane crashes, this is not real, it is a dream.” Sure enough, the dream ends soon after it crashes, as if I don’t know what to do in the dream anymore. It still feels real though. Anyway, there were other meandering endless dreams, one was quite like a movie.

Somehow the dreams, along with Draegan’s condition, remind me of how uncertain life is. Specifically, they shine a light through the illusion of certainty. 9/11 certainly made us all clear that there is no certainty – the sheer terror of this realization has led us to being at war even today, nine years later. It’s almost as if war is so familiar that perhaps it sooths the fear of uncertainty. I find that losing my sense of security around certainty, gives me a lot of anxiety. The kind that makes you shake, the kind that makes it so very hard to make decisions, the kind that makes me cry over the smallest things. In my present life, Draegan’s diabetes reminds me every day how uncertain life is. Perhaps at some point I will be able to feel some security around the sheer uncertainty of it all. This morning his blood sugar was 336, very high. It is normally in the 100’s. Why? We have no idea. No idea what is going on in his body, his mind, no idea. And he was in a great mood, completely unaffected by the high blood sugar. Two days ago his blood sugar ran high for two days and he had so little energy. All he wanted to do is watch TV and cuddle. I can’t even get a sense of his blood sugars by how he is acting. No certainty.

I took him to the doctor Wednesday because he has been complaining of stomach aches, pain in his legs and low energy. I kept a journal for three weeks of the frequency of the complaints, his blood sugars when he complained, how often he pooped and such. Now they have decided to draw blood and run a bunch of tests. One concern is Addison’s – a condition in which the immune system attacks more than just the pancreas. Of course, this all reminds me that everything could be worse, “and may be” I whisper to myself. I went to an event on Wednesday night where we did a guided meditation that included visualization, some drawing and sharing. I distinguished my huge fear of Draegan dying. The fear is so big I can hardly breathe sometimes but at least during the meditation I could see the fear as a thing with boundaries and limits, not something that goes on forever. I imagined my little Draegan with his huge dragon spirit, so fierce and loving. And I imagined that spirit choosing the life he wanted to have and I imagined me just barely being able to reach out and touch acceptance. Afterall, I think our spirits go on well beyond our corporeal forms and this gives me some comfort. But I can’t imagine life without him, not even for a second. Even with his constant chattering and noise making, no matter how irritating he gets, I never want to be without him.

The same goes for Daryl who doesn’t have a normal amount of platelets in his blood so he is going to a hematologist Tuesday. Of course, we have googled this – all sorts of horrors are possible. We have some comfort in knowing that he has none of the other symptoms of the horrible things. It’s jus t more uncertainty, less illusion.

My life as a pancreas

It’s an odd thing, my life now. It doesn’t have the activity in it that I thought it would. I’m not sure I ever had a good idea of what I would do with my life. Honestly, I’ve never really liked doing anything. I like thinking and feeling, and I think the best doing in my life is in service of those thoughts and feelings. So when I get excited about creating workability in our life, I become energized to do housework, organizing, etc. The doing of the work is awful in and of itself. I suppose this all explains what I am doing with my life now.

I have this sweet little boy. I actually have two – both sweet, smart, strong – everything I’ve ever wanted in little people in my life. My sweet boy I’m spending my days with has Type 1 diabetes so the doing of my life has become directed by what he needs. I find that I spend a lot of time sitting in my recliner reading, sewing, writing, etc. and listening to his endless tales of wrestling, baking, and playing. He likes to be in the same room with me so we are practically joined at this moment in life. He is four so he does not control anything with his condition yet. He doesn’t have an awareness of when he feels different due to his blood sugar highs and lows. It is for me to listen. I do a lot of listening. Listening for his well being. I stay up late because it is time when no one needs me for a little while but I still check his blood sugars before I go to bed and wonder/worry about the number. I wake up early when my other sweet boy goes to first grade each day with my husband. Draegan gets up then too so we are all up at dawn. Some days I just spend the morning half asleep in my recliner listening to Draegan who talks constantly while playing. Other days I make phone calls, pay medical bills, go grocery shopping, go to the doctor. My doing doesn’t seem like much. It fills up my time but I sure don’t seem to be making much difference in the world. But I guess the big world isn’t the real world. The real world is what is occurring around me and to the people I am with.

Today, I am sleepy. I got myself to clean up a couple areas in the house, sorting, throwing things away, organizing. We went to the grocery store and now I am in the recliner again, wondering who I am and what I should be doing. I have a hard time finding an answer to this question, so I listen. Listen to my son, play and play and play. His blood sugars are good right now. Because he may have low blood sugars at any time, I keep him in the same room with me. I don’t go lie down on the bed and try to sleep because he may have a seizure or worse while I’m not paying attention. It’s bad enough worrying about how he is doing all night. So I stay in the same room with him and try to train my brain to listen for him even while I’m dozing off. He is noisy so he wakes me up frequently. Sometimes this is okay and sometimes it gives me a headache. I remind myself that in one year, he can start kindergarten and perhaps I’ll be okay with letting his teachers and the nurse watch him for those hours of the day. So for this year, I listen a lot. I tell the part of me that thinks I should be working and doing stuff all day long to pipe down. That part of me is listening to what I think society is saying – that part of me is listening to the wrong thing. I come back to the moment, to my son playing and talking on and on, and I listen.

My Draegan with diabetes

I am the mother of a child with Type 1 Diabetes. I am his Islet cells, a sort of walking pancreas. A Pancreas that doesn’t even do a good job. He is four so I give him his insulin after he eats allowing his blood sugars to spike. I can’t give it to him before because he eats an unpredictable amount of food. At the hospital, the doctors and nurses made it seem like high sugars weren’t that big a deal. Since low sugars are a more immediate problem the desire to avoid them is bigger. But it is so hard to get between 80 and 120 with any consistency, that at first I tried to keep him on the higher side of things. Now I have read about so many complications that come with diabetes. Years of high sugars can cause him to lose his eyesight, his kidneys to fail, his nerves to stop working, his digestion to slow down, increased chance of heart attack and stroke. Even if it takes 10 or 20 years on average for one of these complications to occur that makes him only 14 to 24 years old. Of course, none of them could happen and this is what we hope for. But already he complains of stomach aches daily with no particular pattern that I can discern. Sometimes his legs hurt (maybe it’s just growing pain but leg pain is common in diabetics). His wounds still heal up fine although this is another complication. One pamphlet said never to walk around bare foot because the feet are so at risk but I can’t stand to make him wear socks and shoes all the time.

This morning Daryl gave him his shots (long acting and short acting in the morning) and Draegan got upset. I had walked D’Artagnan to the bus stop. D’Artagnan was scared. I’m not sure why. He likes the bus in the afternoon but the morning has more kids on it and the kids at the bus stop seem to know each other all ready. There is a fairly easy solution to this by having Daryl drive him to school on the way to work. It’s not out of the way and he and D’Artagnan can spend a little time together in the car. Anyway, I came back from walking D’Artagnan to the bus stop and Draegan was fussing about the shot. To be accurate, no one but me ever does the morning shots because Daryl sleeps in on the weekends. I held Draegan while Daryl did it and it was fine. This comes the morning after I found out that Daryl is worried that I don’t think he is taking Draegan’s diabetes as seriously as I am. He was very upset about this last night. But it seems typical that I am so much more involved with Draegan’s diabetes. I am with him all day, I can afford to sleep less at night, I have more time to obsess about blood sugar numbers and insulin amounts. On the one hand, Daryl gets to leave and go to work. On the other, he is less involved in something that risks his son’s life every moment. At least Daryl’s confidence in my obsessiveness hopefully gives him some comfort that Draegan is in the best hands he can be.

In one year, Draegan can start kindergarten. A lot will change in the next year and there are many things I don’t know. Will Draegan have a pump by then? Will that make things easier? Will I need to go to school at lunch time to give him his shot? I could just keep him at home with me…. Intellectually, I know he’ll be ready.

I wonder what my purpose is any more. I’ve always wondered really, but lately life has made such an unexpected turn by giving us diabetes. It appears my purpose is to keep Draegan alive and healthy. Ever since I had kids I thought my primary purposes were to keep them safe, healthy and growing in every way. So I suppose I am living out the same purpose, it’s just going to last longer than I had predicted. As they got older, they were supposed to be less maintenance, but with diabetes now that maintenance will be even more intense for a lot longer. The biggest fear is that he will die in his sleep. That I will walk in his bedroom one morning and his blood sugars will have dropped so low, his brain couldn’t function anymore. Statistically, this rarely happens with diabetics and I work hard to ground myself in the facts of our situation but the fear niggles and nags. One night his sugars will run high all night and the next they will run low. As soon as I get a little comfortable with his insulin dosage, it pulls the stability rug out from under us. I often sit in my chair throughout the day and think I should be doing more with my life. The woman down the street has three kids under 10 and she is working on her PhD. She met me at the bus stop this morning in a pretty orange dress, ready for her busy day. I hadn’t brushed my teeth or even put a bra on yet. I still had pajama pants on. But then I remind myself how much of my thoughts are consumed by thinking about Drae’s blood sugars, listening to him talk, watching his behavior, wondering why his tummy hurts “all the time”, getting him food and drink due his frequent thirst and hunger. I think even if I had had a job, I would have quit to take care of him. No one else is going to care about him like I do (except Daryl). No one is ever going to give up as much as I have for love of him. If I have it my way, my will alone will keep him healthy. My Will will keep me doing the hundred tasks a day that parents do for their kids with diabetes.

Because the grief is too intense to write more than a poem

My grief
my despair
circle around
my little boy.

My little boy
brown eyes, brown hair
sweet smile
strongwilled.

So strong, so fierce
Fiery and bright
contained inside
a fragile shell.

Lit by dragons' fire
Strengthed by dragons' love,
somehow this sickness
we all chose.

This fragile shell
can't understand why,
can't see past the loss,
can't feel past the grief, yet.

Dragons' spirit
inside my little boy's form
Fierce with love
Indefatigable.

I know the dragons' spirits live on,
I know my little boy's spirit will too.

But today
he lives inside this precious body-
it is all I can see,
my Draegan.

The fear of losing you
during this life,
my grief at the limits placed upon you,
it is small of me.

The huge dragon spirit
that lives inside you,
it is eternal,
my Draegan.

Civ IV and homeschooling

D'Artagnan has been extremely excited about Civilization IV. He would play it all day if I let him. He is most excited about Barbarians which I believe he imagines as simple pure bad guys. He likes the fighting his guys do with the Barbarians. There is much talk of killing and war. At times I think this is not a good influence but then we need to talk about these issues at some point. So I'm listening to him and watching him work out what he thinks of “bad” guys and war and dying. In some instances we can”click” the health button and he revives after being “killed” by barbarians. This is when imaginative play takes over after turning the computer off. I know even at 5 years old he is trying to figure out death and the idea that our lives stop at some unknown point. I believe I need to support him during this figuring out stage. I'm just not sure how much to guide him, steer him if you will, and in what direction. So I'm mostly letting him play out whatever he wants with cautions and stops placed around “you did not just kill Draegan, or anyone else,” “no, we are not chopping people's heads off,” “you are not to actually hit your brother with your “sword”, or punch him, or kick him,” etc. Sometimes I suggest that their might be “good” barbarians, which he accepts, it just doesn't seem to help him work out all this fighting and dying stuff. Eventually we will approach the subject of how the word barbarian is a generic term that has traditionally referred to native peoples of a land who were really just people trying to live their uninterupted lives, neither good nor bad.

In the mean time, I have checked out kid's books on Medieval times, knights, and castles, as well as other historical books on the various civilizations he is encountering in the games. The game spans all the major time periods from the moment the nomadic humans decided to build huts and farm up through modern times. He is learning the names of all these civilizations and their leaders. He is also learning about world wonders – the great wall, stonehenge and the pyramids being his first favorites. I even found a book that spans 12,000 years of history (kid's book), where each page is the same river scene going forward in time to see how it changes, from the moment humans settle and farm, to roman times, to barbarian invasions, viking invasions, medieval times and on. This is the part of homeschooling I really love – connecting all this stuff he is experiencing in life. He also has to read to play the game so he is learning that too.