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Nikio

freelance paradigm

Posts tagged with "science"

On giftedness and creativity

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I could show you my last slideshow of photos from gymnastics world cup in Maribor (actually I'm doing it right now), but istead I'd much rather share with you my last talk from the conference in Olimje a week ago. The purpose was to present UMMI summer camps and our methods of working there, but in doing so also shine some light on the issues connected with giftedness and creativity, especially with children and youth.

Unfortunatelly for some of you, the talk is in Slovenian. If anyone is willing to make subtitles or translations I can provide source video file and the transcript in Slovenian. I lack time to do it myself. Those of you who understand it, thank you for watching and I'll be glad to recive some comments.

When Ego takes control

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Have you ever ask yourself what are the aspects that make great performers really great? The question is a lot easier asked than answered, but there are certain things that can be explained and argued. I've noticed one thing that seems to be rather important and once you become aware of it, you can see it everywhere (which is usually the case when you are obsessed with something).

What is the most common thing we do when we acquire new knowledge or a skill? We show off. Children do that all the time and adults are no better. When a new skill is mastered we tend to overuse it in order to create a spectacle that will blow away anyone. Amateur orchestra's like to play out loud for most of the time to show what kind of strength they have, people who learn photoshop start producing over-saturated photos of sunsets which are "so amazing" to them, singers who learned new techniques like to sing loudly for everyone to hear the power of their new voice, and designers who come across some new astonishing fonts, like to put them everywhere they can.

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Testing my theories ;)

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The thesis of my masters work at Faculty of Architecture was done in the field of architectural acoustics. I spent the last year of formal education going around different concert halls and testing their acoustical propreties. But just before the conclusion of my work I was able to get some very detailed information about our Grand Philharmonic Hall which gave me a deeper insight into this field of science and this concert hall in particular. Since then, I didn't have an oppourtunuty to listen music in that hall, but I did thought about it a lot. So you can imagine I was quite excited when Mr. Simon Perčič from UPOL orchestra called me to photograph their concert which was about to happen there.


click below for more (text and pics)

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Fruits of revolution

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A strange thought occoured to me today. I figured that most of the "giants" of the 20th century were born more or less at the same time. At first I didn't even believe my own self, but then I went on Wiki and found out that it is true. Just take a look:

Pablo Picasso (painting) - 1881
Le Corbusier (architecture) - 1887
Albert Einstein (physics) - 1879
Niels H. Bohr (physics) - 1885
Edwin Hubble (astronomy) - 1889
Carl Jung (psyhology) - 1875
James Joyce (literature) - 1882
Ivan Cankar (Slovenian literature) - 1876

And some a bit older guys:
Sigmund Freud (psyhology) - 1856
Nikola Tesla (electronics) - 1856
Max Planck (physics) - 1858


All of these remarkable people are founders of new paradigms in their fields and are considered as fathers of the 20th century. If you think about it, it is incredible how a great number of such thinkers was born practically at the same time. And they all did their best work between WWI and WWII. It must have been really exciting to be a scientist or an artist back then.
So what is the cause of this? I believe that they just picked the fruits of the industrial revolution. It took almost a century for Europe (and US) to industrialize and spread better education system. But when it finally did, a much bigger number of kids got cheap(er) practical and academcical tools for their intelectual growth. Of course, their parents and grandparents did a great work; they had to build ground for all of that (who could neglect works of James Watt, Denis Papin, Benjamin Franklin and others), but they had to invent it. It is different if you invent or learn something as an adult or if you grow with it and take it for granted.

I thought this must be an analogy to what's going on today. We also have "founding fathers" of computer industry (like Gates and Jobs), but their "baby boom" generation had to invent it or at least learn it. And now there is a new generation of kids growing up. They take computers and internet completely for granted, they don't have to learn it, they just use it. Technology itself is nothing remarkable for them (like it is for babyboomers), so they will be using it just as a tool to create something remarkable of their own. Who knows what we'll witness in a decade or two, when they grow up!!!

Perhaps 2020's will be just as exciting as 1920's. :wink:

On evolution

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I will present two examples and then I will draw a conclusion.

1. The other day I was watching a lecture on TED, where the speaker (Michael Pollan) made an interesting analogy; let's take a look at the bees. They are drawn to the flowers by their looks and smell. The flowers actually make them fly onto them and "forces them" to help them (flowers) procreate. The bee is actually fooled by the flower but gets honney in return!

2. Imagine species that are really good at surviving, like sharks or aligators (or humans?), which have been around since before the dinosaurs and have changed only a little during that time. They must be really perfectly built for their purpose of living. Now; wouldn't be just great for you if you could make a shark or an aligator depend on you? That would, in a way, make your survival a lot easier. Is like befriending powerful people. There actually are birds which clean aligators teeth and I imagine those birds are somehow in advantage over the other birds, for they have a really stable source of food and protection.


The conclusion: Are we (humans) any better any better than the bees? I believe not! We too are fooled by tomatoes, cows, pigs and some birds (chickens and turkeys) which now flourish as species. If you have problem imagining that, it is probably because you see tomatoes as "food" and not as a "plant" in the ecosystem (a couple of years living in a city and shopping in supermarkets will actually do that kind of damage to your brain). But that's what it really is! Tomatoes are just plants that grow around in some places! They produce very juicy and tasty fruits which fool us to plant them more and more. In terms of business: tomatoes (along with some other plants like potatoes...) made a risky but very profitable investment. As long as we are here, they have nothing to worry about.
The deal we have with cows, birds and pigs is even more perverse; yes, we do kill individual cows but we take a really good care for the population which has never been larger.

Perhaps this is not the most scientific way to look at the evolutin, but it sure is a lot of fun!

Second skin

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Originally posted by Jeff Hawkins, On Intelligence, page 134:


To the cortex, our bodies are just part of the external world. Remember, the brain is in a quiet and dark box. It knows about the world only via the patterns on the sensory nerve fibers. From the brain's perspective as a pattern device, it doesn't know about your body any differently than it knows about the rest of the world. There isn't a special distinction between where your body ends and the rest of the world begins.




We can now draw at least two conclusions. Firstly, that would explain the dualism in religion about body and soul being separated. But I will not talk about that. Instead I'm interested in an other phenomenon. Perhaps there there is a degree by which you can separate the rest of the world from your body and the level of it depends on psyhological aspects of "skill".
Maybe you are a skilled skier. Do skies feel like an object when you are "in the zone" skiing? I bet not! The same thing happens to me when I'm in the zone with my photo camera (Steve Taylor would say that my ego is in abeyance while by "inner game" model self1 would be in charge) I can no longer separate my camera from the rest of my body. It becomes a part of me. In the same fashion a conductor perceives his baton - just as an other part of his body. The more skilled you are, the more the object feels as a part of you.
So perhaps very good pilots think of their airplanes just as a bigger body inside of which they slip to fly. And we all feel of our cars as a new and bigger body when we drive. If that is true, we can explain a series of things that occour in connection to cars:

- It can explain why people extend their ego to cars. Pimping cars is nothing else than bodybuilding with different means.
- It can explain why it "hurts you" when a rock or something hits the car,
- It can explain why people worry so much about scratches on their cars,
- It can explain why people do all that nasty stuff inside their cars (like picking their nose). They are inside of the body, how could you see them? :D

Now, isn't that interesting?!?!

On Virtual space

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Today I visited the frist in a series of three lectures (link to pdf, 800kb) by Dr. Or Ettlinger who obtained his Doctorade on the field of virtual architecture or virtual space in general. The lecture answered many of fundamental questions of virtual(-ity) and the least I can say is that it was mindblowing. I would really like to share some insights based on my notes and my own thoughts from the lecture.
So here it goes. :hat:

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Paradigm shift

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I read a lot about brains and how they work lately. I just finished reading Jeff Hawkins' On Intelligence which made a lot of sense to me. I will pursue this topic in some of my future posts, for now I'd like to stop at a passage which the author wrote as an introduction to the chapter dealing with application of AI, based on his proposed Memory-prediction framework.

Originally posted by Jeff Hawkins, On Intelligence:

It's hard to predict the ultimate uses of a new technology. As we've seen throughout this book, brains make predictions by analogy to the past. So our natural inclination is to imagine that a new technology will be used to do the same kinds of things as a previous technology. We imagine using a new tool to do something familiar, only faster, more efficiently, or more cheaply.

Examples are abundant. People called the railroad the "iron horse" and the automobile the "horseless carriage." For decades the telephone was viewed in the context of the telegraph, something that should be used only to communicate important news or emergencies; it wasn't until the 1920s that people started using itcasually.



It is exactly what I have been thinking for a long time and it is not hard to find other examples. Science fiction of late 19th century depicted future with large steam machies. They were unable to think of anything else. Sci-fi of 1960' already had computers, but guess what; no displays! Only flashing buttons. They just projected new applications on the existing technology.
On more realistic side: at first World wide web was just a copy of printed media. Only recently we developed interactive applications that can't be found anywhere else. Or one thing that frustrates me with cars; once a crank handle was required to lower a car glass. It is normal, that the handle was located on the inner side of the car door. But now, since we have electronic buttons, that position is no longer obligatory. Buttons can be placed anywhere in the car! Why not the stearing wheel? Yet only few cars take advantage of the very technology they use. It is still a lot easier to change technology than paradigm.

An other example that effects me a lot more personally now is in photography. If you take a look at present day digital cameras, they don't look much different than their film predecessors. I believe that the digital technology brings a lot of new ways how to build and use camera and we have not yet exploited them.

I observe that thing happening on myself. Recently I bought a decent digital camera, yet I still use it exactly as it was on film. I don't take many shots, I don't experiment enough and I don't play arround in post-production... I just shoot like 20th century photographer.
But I think it is time to move on. I found many photographers on the internet that never used film and their aproach is very refreshing. One of them is Lenart Senica, a young guy from Slovenia, who takes his camera to school. Just look at the results! I would never imagine doing something like that in my highschool days.

So... yes... It is time to rethink my assumptions and rearrange my neurons P:

On time perception

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I believe that each of us has been at least for once in his/hers lifetime asking those fundamental questions about time and it's nature. Many people approach these dilemmas from the physical point of view and some of them, like Einstein, were quite successful.

But we all know that this is not the end of this story. Einstein could very well be right, but changes of time become significant only when we're dealing with powerful gravitational fields, high masses or moving that is close to the speed of light.

But what about the time that we, humans, perceive? It may be relative just as well, but under different laws.

Quite recently I've read a book by Steve Taylor who deals with this questions in his book Making time.

The book could be divided in three parts. First part talks about our perception of time in normal circumstances, the second part (which is a bit harder for me to accept) talks about paranormal experiences like precognition, and the third part tries to apply the previously discussed theory into praxis, with a single goal: to manipulate your perceived time, either by making it longer when you're having fun, or to run it faster when you're in pain (or in doctor's waiting room, prison, waiting in a line... etc). Let's examine those three parts separately.

1st part, Chapters 1-6
Author starts by introducing 5 "laws" of psychological time and I hope I'm not violating any law or giving you a spoiler by writing them down:
1. Time speeds up as we get older
2. Time slows down when we are exposed to new experiences and environments.
3. Time passes quickly in states of absorption.
4. Time passes slowly in states of non-absorption.
5. Time often passes slowly, or stops altogether, in situation where conscious mind or normal ego is in abeyance.

I think most of these things are rather self-explanatory, especially if you think of the situations from your own life. Christmas does seem to come faster every year around, and time seems longer when you go abroad (when you return home it feels like you were away for at least a month, while for others it was just an other boring and short week), time does seem to pass quickly when you are absorbed (movies, video games...) and it passes so slowly when you are not absorbed (waiting at your dentist's waiting room). The last law describes situations of meditation, car accidents (when everything seems to be moving in slow motion when you try to recall it) or "in the Zone" experiences described by athletes, artists or performers.

Author spends about 150 pages for this argument and gives really detailed explanation of this theory. He cites many scientific papers and research reports. Reading these chapters was thrilling and it gave me chills... I only wish I could tell you more, but it is hard for me now to condense 150 pages into one paragraph.

2nd part, 7th Chapter
Second part is in my opinion chapter 7 when author tries to argue that linear perception of time is an illusion. While the psychological part of the argument (involving theory of ego) could be OK, he then moves on to the quantum theory which he simplifies just a bit too much. OK, it is proven for the time to be relative across the universe and it could be true that the linear timeline that we sense isn't exactly what really goes on in the universe, but that doesn't necessarily mean that some people have precognitive or similar abilities. I mean, quantum theory is so deep, abstract and yet still unknown, that even one of it's great masters, Richard Feynman, once said: "If you think you understand quantum theory, you don't understand quantum theory."
Author should AT LEAST mention that many of those cases could be explained simply by selection bias.

3rd part, Chapters 8-9
So, now that we learned so much about the time perception; how to manipulate our perceived time? Should we travel around like crazy? Change jobs every couple of months? Or perhaps live in a boredom for the rest of the life to make it seem sooo looooooong. Hm... I'm not giving that up P: If the author finds his way to this blog.... well, it just wouldn't be fair, would it P:



Overall it is an amazing book, which answered many of my fundamental questions about time vs. psychology. I can't recommend it enough.

I hope now we could debate this stuff within the comments section below. You are welcome to post your thoughts and questions.

2008

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I wish you a very happy, healthy and creative year of 2008*! Have as much fun as you possibly can!


I am not really sure what exactly are we celebrating. I was doing a little bit of research and I found out that the dates for the New Years Eve vary from one era or culture to an other. I personally believe that it initially has to do with the pagan celebration of the southern solstice after which the day is getting longer (and the Sun wins over the dark forces of the night) on the northern hemisphere. This logic is no good for the modern people of the southern hemisphere who are now forced to celebrate New Years Eve and Christmas during their summer, when the sun is highest in the sky and now the dark forces of the night are getting stronger. Richard Dawkins often mentiones northern hemisphere chauvinism, and he must be right on that :wink: (see the quote below)
However, some callendars are having new year's eve around equinox in March, which sounds more fair for the both hemispheres, but I quess the symbolic meaning is less significant then. I was trying to find some data on Australian Aboriginal calendar, but failed. If anyone has some decent link on that, please post it within the comments.

Originally posted by Richard Dawkins:

In a science-fiction starship, the astronauts were homesick: "Just to think that it's springtime back on Earth!" You may not immediately see what's wrong with this, so ingrained is our unconscious northern hemisphere chauvinism in those of us who live there, and even some who don't. "Unconscious" is exactly right. That is where consciousness-raising comes in. I it is for a deeper reason than gimmicky fun that, in Australia and New Zealand, you can buy maps of the world with the south pole on top. What a splendid consciousness-raiser those maps would be, pinned to the walls of our northern hemisphere classrooms.. Day after day, the children would be reminded that 'north' is an arbitrary polarity which has no monopoly on 'up'. The map would intrigue them as well as raise their consciousness.


(Dawkins, Richard: The God delusion, Bantam Press, Great Britain, 2006, pages 114-115)


PS: It is 2008, AND WE STILL HAVE NO FLYING CARS!

What a difference!

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It's been more than a month since my switch to iMac and I am more than well adjusted to the new working environment now. And what a difference that is! Now I see what computers should really be like.

Of course, each of us will see and count his own hits and misses. And each of us will see his own reasons to it. I for one like to think that designers and architects, not solely programers, were included into process of software making in case of Mac. When a designer has to design a new kitchen (s)he will most likely make a research which parts and kitchen apparatus are more often used than the other (and how are they used). Then he will apply this findings to make the kitchen more useful and handy. Parts that are needed daily will be placed differetnly than that China tea set which is saved only for special occasions. The "designing" part, where it is determined how will stuff look like comes at the very end. That kind of thinking is really the core of designing process and I believe professional designers are good at it simply because they practice it every day.

When you open some infamous PC software it is clear that this process wasn't applied to it. You are being bombared with tons of different icons, buttons, menues (etc), placed with no hierarchy and logic whatsoever. The icons that you use non-stop are the same size as the ones you use only once a month and they are often placed right next to eachother (I could go on with this). That might be the main reason why beginners are so frustrated when they enter PC environment for the first time. "I just don't know where to click" because "everything looks so messy," they complain. Well, guess what: it doesn't look messy - it is messy!

Going back to PC? You must be kidding. :hat:

The Gestalt of us

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One thing that strikes me the most when I read books or listen to humanistic [=understanding human] lectures is how impossible it is for us to see our mind the way it really is. The dilemma is the following: how to adress the problem? Should we study the brain as a piece of hardware or our mind as software. Somehow this reminds me on the nature of the light which could be understood both as a wave or as a partice (when in fact it is none of it, really).

There are many who aproach our brain as hardware and achive amazing results. The other day I was visiting TED Talks and found astonishing Vilayanur Ramachandran's talk. You should see it.
The software paradigm has some benefits of it's own as well. For one it's far simpler methods are useful to deal with patients in mental care therapy. Well, Freud took it (too) seriously and his books often sound like a mathematical argument where everything has it's logical place. In his terms, our mind is a large peice of OS software code, where the larger part is hidden (to us) and performs tasks that peak out only when certain results of previously done processing are important. Perhaps that is an exaggeration, but I see no reason whatsoever to study brain or mind by one method only.

The dilemma actually multiplies itself on a smaller scale. Within the hardware paradigm some explain it as the chemistry in the brain (?!!?), others as the sum of connections between synapses. That can be very accurate in many cases. For example; fading memory can be described by less and less active connections (synapses have less and less neurotransmiters active).
Software apologists have their own crossroads; are we programed by our (supressed) desires and ...aammm... chemistry (?), or do we hold the power of free will (Glasser)?

Somehow there just isn't a theory around to condense it all. It seems like we are programed to see either the lady or the man with the saxophone, but not both at the same time ("or are we?" Glasser might say). You might want to see Jeff Hawkins' video for that matter.
Hopefully we'll manage somehow. Our minds have this limited way of thinking that satisfys humble everyday's experience, but science has a good record of breaking them.

Image source.

Summer of spring 2007

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More and more i write about weather. Firstly because it is getting more and more weird. Well, it is getting warmer. Which is nice :wink: I know the situation might be serious, but there are reasons to be sceptic about. There is no situation in science, where a nice amount of scepticism isn't wellcome.
I believe we are making really a lot of damage, but on a local scale. Devastations of Aral sea or Amazon forest are just two examples. Then there is acid rain, nuclear radiation (not only from Chernobil, but from many rotten submarines as well),...etc! Those are all catastrophies, but on a smaller scale. Globally they don't have a larger impact on life. Life is, however, very hard to kill. I believe it is enough for a few mice and a couple of lizzards (and perhaps some bacterias) to survive, and the entire world will be repopulated within 20 million years. Who knows, some species might develop intelligence. Imagine their struggle trying to understand what will be left from us :D

Secondly, i have nothing else to write about.

Well... i must say it was lovely. See the pics in the gallery.

PS: I also went swiming... on 15th April. That is a new record for me. The teperature of sea is about 16°C (right on the surface is a bit more...), which is IMO enough, considering very hot sun and 25°C in shadow.
So from 20th March (when i reported on having snow) to 15th April we had "fake" hardcore winter, real spring and now "fake" summer. This rapid shifts make me feel like a time traveler. Who knows what might be waiting for us next month. Maybe an entire new season of frogs falling down from sky.

Perfect bacterias

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I don't tend to post reposts or quoted stuff, but this blew my head off!

A mere parasite controls the fate of rats and mice by hijacking the part of the brain that makes the rodents naturally fear cats, a new study shows.

Rats and mice normally flee if they smell cat urine, but not if they're infected by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The parasite can only complete its life cycle if its rodent host is eaten by a cat, so it "brainwashes" the creature into apparently liking the scent.

Now Ajai Vyas and his colleagues at Stanford University in California, US, have revealed that the brainwashing is surgically precise. The parasites seem to reverse the rodent's innate fear by interfering with the amygdala, the seat of conditioned responses in the brain. Vyas's team looked at the distribution of the parasite in the brain of infected rats, and found it was almost twice as dense in the amygdala.

The exquisite precision leaves intact all other neurological mechanisms for learning to avoid danger, so the rodents learn to survive all hazards except being eaten by cats – the only form of death beneficial to the parasite.

Journal reference: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608310104)



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