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ETHNOVETERINARY-Conservation of Medicinal Plants Important for our Use now and Posterity of Future Generations

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Africa is known to be well endowed with many natural resources especially minerals. We at PROFARMS CONSULTANTS believe that our richest natural resource is Our Biodiversity in wild plants,wild and farm animals and the indigeneous knowledge among the citizens of this continent in conservation and sustainable use of this rare resource. We must therefore restrain our greed and overexploitation of our biodiversity resource for our immediate use and consider the posterity of our future generations both inside and outside African Continent. Each continent is well endowed with a fair share of biodiversity as a resource but Africa has a LION's share of plants that are known to have medicinal value by default mainly due to slow adoption of modern methods of agriculture which has left vast areas of land under their natural conditions harbouring natural plants. Its these remaining medicinal plants that must be conserved and multiplied to ensure their sustainable use now and in future. In this post,we will look at some approaches that can be used to conserve and multiply these valuable plants.

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ETHNOVETERINARY-Some Common Medicinal Plants in Animal Health

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In this blog post,we are going to look at some common medicinal plants that are useful in treatment of Livestock diseases in the tropics and the diseases for which they are indicated for treatment. It is important to note that their availability is dependent on the climatic areas in which they thrive under natural conditions. It is also important to note that if they are translocated to a different ecological Zone,their medicinal properties may be reduced or diluted especially transfer from dry areas to areas with high rainfal where the rate of growth and maturity is very high. Conservation of the medicinal plants in their suitable ecological zones is the best way to ensure that they retain potent medicinal properties and efficacy in their treatment of livestock diseases.

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ETHNOVETERINARY-Getting it right in Herbal medicine preparation.

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In the early days, our pastralists used guess work and trial and error methods to identify and prepare the medicinal plants for livestock disease treatment. In this modern time,scientific approach has been used to identify the right medicinal plants,establish the active ingredients useful in disease treatment and the right parts of plants to use to maximise the potency and efficacy of the herbal therapies. We are going to explore the right approaches to get it right in medicinal plant. Identification,collection and preparation.

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The history of Silk Production

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In this introductory part of Silkworm Production,we look at the early History of silk production and its origins.

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Silkworm Production;Part 1

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In this first part of Silkworm production,we look at Bombix mori,the silk producing caterpillar.

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Silkworm Production part 3

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This is a continuation of notes in Silk Production.

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Common Diseases of Silkworms

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The following are the common diseases of Silkworms.

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Silkworm Diseases;Flacherie

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Flacherie is a serious disease of silkworms. What are the common
Clinical signs?

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Management of Silkworm Diseases

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Silk worm diseases can cut down the projected returns in silk production. Let's explore how we can manage them in order to maximise production.

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Glossary Terms in Silkworm Production

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Here are some terminologies used in Silkworm Production.

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BIOTECHNOLOGY AND THE BOTTLENECKS IN KENYAN AGRICULTURE;walking before we crawl?

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The problems bedevilling Kenyan agriculture sector are very many,lack of appropriate technology included. But for the Government to contemplate solving all of them by promoting Biotechnology(read Genetically Modified Organisms or GMO's) is like training the baby to walk before it crawls. There are multiple other ways that the government can give the needed kick to jumpstart productivity in agriculture without rushing the flawed Biosafety Bill which has not addressed the fears of both consumers and farmers as far as GMO's are concerned. Bernard Wainaina,a Livestock Consultant at PROFARMS CONSULTANTS explores various other ways in which the Government and Private sector can increase productivity in agriculture.

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS(FAQ's) IN ORGANIC LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION

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In this Question and Answer article,Bernard Wainaina,a Livestock Consultant working with PROFARMS CONSULTANTS answers some of the Frequently Asked Questions in Organic Livestock Production.

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Bill Gates Foundation Fund Versus The Promotion Of Organic Agriculture In Africa

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Bill Gates Foundation has launched a fund to promote agriculture in Africa under the banner of Alliance For Green Revolution In Africa. What is in it for promotion of Organic Agriculture which has been closely associated with the traditional farming methods in Africa? Bernard Wainaina,a Livestock Consultant with PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,Kenya explores the shortfalls of exclusively funding conventional agriculture methods in Africa.

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Africa and Biofuels Debate;What is our part?

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Africa and The Biofuel Debate;What is our Part? Bernard Wainaina-a Livestock Consultant with PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,KENYA explores the options open to Africa in the face of crippling food shortages....Read more...

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Livestock Diseases;BLOAT-PHOTO


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An animal that has finally succumbed to Bloat.

Bloat kills very fast if not attended to in good time. It should always be treated as an EMERGENCY.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Livestock Diseases;BLOAT

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This is a condition where animal accumulate too much gas and sometimes frothy fluids in their stomachs as a result of indigestion or some forms of poisonings.

The most characteristic sign of bloat is an extremely enlarged abdomen especially on the left lumbar side.

Other clinical signs include:
~signs of discomfort as the animal is restless and may try to kick its abdomen with its hind legs or stamp on the ground.
~the animal tries to urinate and defeacate in vain
~the animal suffers dificult breathing due to large pressure exerted on the abdominal organs especially lungs.
~the tongue sticks out
~if not treated,the animal finally colapses and dies.

Causes

Bloat is common in livestock during the onset of wet season when the pastures and fodder crops are lush with high moisture content as this results in indigestion due to low fibre content.

In the dry season,it may result from eating of poisonous plants that mostly remain green even when the normal pasture plants have dried up.

It may also result from overconsumption of grains and legumes especially in ruminants.

Foreign objects like maize cobs and nylon sheets may also block the digestion system resulting in bloat.

Control and Prevention

~dont graze or feed animals with young lush pasture or fodder
~wilt green lush fodder before feeding it to the animal
~remove poisonous plants from the pastures and fodder fields
~remove foreign inedible material from the fodder or pastures by collecting them for safe disposal.

Treatment; in very severe and acute cases of bloat,a puncture draining fistula is made at the swollen left side of the abdomen using Trochar and canular.

~mix 500g Magadi soda in 1 litre of water and drench the animal;adult cow=1 litre
Sheep,goats and valves=500ml
Camels=2 litres

In cases where poisoning is suspected,mix 4 eggs in 2 litres of milk and beat the mixture to a uniform texture and drench in order to bind poisons in the digestion system.

Walk the animal round the compound to stimulate its digestion systems motility.Profarms.wainain@gmail.comPROFARMS CONSULTANTSPROFARMS CONSULTANTSPROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

INTERNAL PARASITES;Stomach and Intestinal Worms

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Stomach and intestinal worms affect all species of livestock. Young animals are the most affected especially when they are malnourished as well.

There are very many species of worms that attack livestock but the most important thing here is to learn how to tell when animals are affected,control and prevention methods as well as treatment.

Look out for the following clinical signs in the affected livestock;

~animals are well fed but gradually lose body condition and the young ones show retarded growth

~animals suffer from "pot belly" and "bottle jaw"

~rough and dull hair coat

~diarrhoea

~some species of worms can be seen in the animal feaces

~anaemia as manifested by pale mucous membranes

~On slaughter,worms are sometimes seen inside the alimentary canal

Control and Prevention is based on proper hygiene and sanitation in animal enclosures and feeding equipments or structures. Avoid overcrowding and practice rotational grazing. Deworm animals regularly.

Treatment;Crush 2 medium size Garlic bulbs into a fine paste. Mix with 1 litre of water and drench an adult cow. Use 500ml of this mixture on calves,sheep,goats and pigs.(Don't deworm milking dairy animals with garlic as the taint will come out with milk!)

~Boil 500g each of roots from Cassia spp and Tamarindus indica in 3 litres of water for 30 minutes and drench 1 litre to adult cows and 500ml to sheep,calves,goats,and pigs.

Other medicinal plants used include;Carissa edulis,Ocimum basilicum,Myrsine africana,launaea cornuta,Ricinus communis.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

EXTERNAL PARASITES-Ticks on the inside of ears photo


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Ticks like to hide on inaccessible soft parts of the animal body like inside the ears.

Attend to these hidden parts properly during tick treatment.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

EXTERNAL PARASITES;Tick infested animal photo


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Ticks like attaching themselves on the soft parts of the animal skin like neck,inside the ears,under the tail and flank folds, scrotum, udder etc.

These places should be thoroughly applied with organic acaricides to eliminate most of the ticks from animals body during treatment against ticks.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

EXTERNAL PARASITES- Organic Tick Control in Livestock

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Ticks are the most important external parasites to consider in livestock more so because of their role as vectors of severe diseases.

They attack all species of livestock including poultry.

Their other secondary harmful effects besides transmitting serious diseases include damage of hide reducing its market value after slaughter and blood loss that results in anaemia.

Key livestock diseases that are transmitted by ticks include;anaplamosis,Babesiosis,HEARTWATER and East Coast Fever.

Control and Prevention

Keep and allow local chicken to forage around the livestock enclosures as they pick and eat ticks.

Incorporate insect repellant plants like Tagetes minuta and eucalyptus leaves in the livestock beddings to repel ticks. Azadirachta indica leaves are also effective as tick repellant in the beddings.

Composting of farm yard manure also helps kill the ticks.

Treatment

-Make a paste of tobacco leaves,add some water and apply on the affected areas of the animal(spot on )

-Boil fresh or dry tobacco leaves,1kg in 10 litres of water for 30 minutes,allow to cool and apply on the animal with a clean cloth or paint brush(5 litres per one adult cattle). The decoction can also be sprayed using a Knapsack sprayer after filtering the cooled decoction. Add soapy water to make it stick on the animal.

-Make a fine paste of Tephrosia vogelii leaflets,50 g in 1 litre of water. Mix thoroughly and allow to stay overnight. Use this mixture as a Spot on application on the affected parts.

Use of natural pyrethrin based acaricides is allowed in organic farming.

Application of all above materials should be done once every week for effective tick control.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Footrot-Photo


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The underfoot of affected limb showing the swelling and granulated dead parts(Necrosis) in brown patches.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Livestock Diseases:FOOTROT

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Footrot is a disease that affects hooven animals especially living under wet conditions on during the rainy season.

The most characteristic sign in the affected animals is sudden lameness in one or more limbs.

Other clinical signs include:
;the animal walks with the affected limb off the ground
;the limb may be swollen just over the hoof
;foul smell emanates from the affected part in the limb
;the animal does not feed properly
;there is granulous white material between the two parts of the hoof sometimes with oozing pus

The disease is caused by Fusiformis spp(Fusobacterium necrophorum) of bacteria that multiplies and thrives under wet conditions.

Control and Prevention

Use Magadi Soda or Copper sulphate footbath in the animal enclosure gates. Also maintain dry conditions inside the animal enclosures.

Treatment;Wash the affected limb with magadi soda solution(20% solution) and then apply a paste of Acalypha fruticosa leaves in the affected areas after scrapping off the dirt and granulated material. Repeat once a day for 5-7 days. Vernonia amygdalina leaves can also be used in absence of Acalypha fruticosa leaves. The leaves may be dried and made into powder for storage purposes.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Ringworm in livestock-Photo


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Ringworms on the head and neck region of friesian cows. Note the white round hairless patches. Just like Lumpy Skin Disease,Ringworm lowers productivity in livestock and reduces hide quality after slaughter.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Livestock Diseases:RINGWORM

Ringworm is a fungal skin disease of livestock and human which is spread on contact and can also be spread by biting flies.

The most characteristic sign of the disease is round hairless ashy patches that form and spread all over the animals body.
Other clinical signs include:
;animal scratches itself against objects
;animal loses body condition
the patches may break open and form pus filled lessions

It is caused by a fungus known as Trichophyton verrucosum.

Control and Prevention

Isolate affected animals from the healthy herd.

Treatment;Make paste of Datura strominium(CAUTION-VERY POISONOUS!) and rub over the affected parts.

Restrain the animals head with X-neck yoke to prevent it from licking the treated parts.

Isolate it from other animals to prevent licking and poisoning.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Lumpy Skin Disease-Photo of affected animal


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A young calf infected with Lumpy Skin Disease.
Note the nodules(lumps) all over the skin and poor body condition. Lumpy skin Disease has high economic implications on lowering livestock productivity.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Livestock Diseases;LUMPY SKIN DISEASE

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This is a disease of cattle transmitted by mosquitoes and biting flies.

The most characteristic sign of the disease is the formation of nodules on the skin of the affected animal that are about 5cm in diameter.

Other clinical signs include:
;Swollen lymph nodes
;Swollen limbs(Oedema)
;High fever
;refusal to eat
;recumbency in the final stages of the disease
;swollen brisket
;swollen nodules finally burst open to form ulcerous wounds

The disease is caused by a virus and is common during the wet season when mosquitoes breed and multiply.

Control and Prevention

This is done through regular annual vaccination against the disease.

Treatment;is aimed at controlling the opportunistic secondary bacterial infections. Crush about 2kg Solanum incanum ripe fruits and mix with 2 litres of cold water. Apply this mixture on the affected parts of the skin. Apply castor oil after the mixture has dried over the skin.

Aloe juice can also be used in absence of Solanum incanum fruits.

Apply till wounds dry and start healing.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Livestock Diseases:HAEMORRHAGIC SEPTICAEMIA

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This disease mainly affects camels especially during the rainy season.
The main characteristic of this disease is bloodstained feaces and swollen superficial lymphnodes.

Other clinical signs include:
;strained defaecation
;animals don't chew curd
;high fever
;mild cough
;salivation

The disease is caused by a bacteria that thrives in the rainy season.

Control and Prevention is based on isolation of healthy animals from the sick ones.

Treatment;Crush and boil 1kg leaves of Salvadora persica in 2.5 litres of water for 30 minutes. Drench the animal with the cooled and sieved decoction once a day for 5-7 days.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Livestock Diseases;FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE

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Foot and Mouth Disease affects most species of Livestock and wild animals that are cloven hooved.

It is a notifiable disease that is highly infectious.

It is causes by a virus that is various types coded SAT 1,2,3 and OAS.

The most characteristic sign is fluid filled blisters on mouth and foot(coronet) of the affected animals.
Other clinical signs include:
;high fever
;excessive salivation and smacking of lips in the affected animals
;Lameness
;unable to eat due to blistered mouth
;abortion in pregnant animals
;rough hair coat
;reduced milk production
;blisters may also appear on udder,teats and scrotum

Control and Prevention

The disease is spread through the air and on contact with contaminated materials.
People are able to carry the disease from one animal to another.

Methods of control include include;
Vaccination,isolation of sick animals,quarantine and proper disposal of carcass as in Anthrax.

Treatment;Mix 500g of magadi soda(sodium bicarbonate) in 5 litres of water.
Drench cattle=5 litres daily for 5 days
Sheep and goats=1 litre
Calves=2litres
Warning;don't drench pigs on magadi soda!

This same solution is used to dress the wounds on the external parts of the animal.

Apply ALOE juice and ash after the solution has dried on the wounds.

For pigs,drench with250ml ALOE juice daily for 5 days but dress the wounds as highlighted above for other animals.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Livestock Diseases;BLACKQUARTER

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This is a disease that affects cattle and sheep. It mainly affects animals that are in good condition.

It is caused by a bacteria known as Clostridium chauvoei.

The disease is characterised by sudden lameness in one or both hind limbs.
Other clinical signs include:
;High fever
;Swollen large muscle of the affected limb with a crepitation sound when touched
;darkened patch in skin of the affected muscle
;hot and painful to touch
;death follows after 12-24 hours after onset of first clinical signs

Control and Prevention

The causative bacteria finds its way into the body through skin injuries.
It is important to prevent injuries through proper housing and fencing.

Regular annual vaccination is the best method of control.

Isolate sick animals for treatment and preventing disease spread.

Treatment;Boil 250g roots each of Acokanthera schimperi,Synadenium grantii and Warburgia ugandensis in 1 litre of water for 30 minutes. Drench adult animals with 200ml of the decoction once a day for 5-7 days.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Livestock Diseases;BRUCELLOSIS

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Caution! Brucellosis is a very contagious disease that affects livestock and Humans!

Brucellosis affects most species of livestock except poultry. It is also known as Contagious Abortion.

It is caused by a bacteria known as Brucella spp

The most characteristic sign of Brucellosis infection in livestock is spontaneous abortion.

Other clinical signs include:
;retained afterbirth
;Swollen testiclea in male animals(Orchitis)
;most pregnant animals in the herd abort(storm abortion)
;the disease may also lead to infertility in affected animals

Control and Prevention
The main methods of control include vaccination of all 8months old heifers(male animals are not vaccinated!)

Screening for affected male animals that are then culled from the herd.

Introduce young clean bulls into the herd.

Livestock handlers should use protective clothing when handling animals suspected to be infected.

Milk is the main source of infection in human and thourough boiling is recommended before use.

Cook blood before consumption for those people who draw blood from live animals for food.

Treatment:Boil 500g of Salvadora persica roots in 5litres of water for 1 hour. Drench 2litres of decoction to adult cows and 1 litre for sheep and goats.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Livestock Diseases;ANTHRAX

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Caution!
Anthrax is an infectious disease that is fatal to humans and Livestock!
Handle animals suspected to be affected by Anthrax with caution and use protective clothing.

Anthrax affects all species of livestock excluding domestic chicken but it affects Ostriches.

It is caused by a spore forming bacteria known as Bacillus anthracis.

The most characteristic clinical sign of the affected animal is sudden death of a healthy looking animal.
When this happens,it is important to establish the true diagnosis thro lab samples.

It is a notifiable disease in Kenya.

Other clinical signs include:
;high fever
;animal is bloated after death
;blood oozes from all natural openings from the dead carcass
;the oozing blood does not clot
;there is absence of rigour mortis in the dead carcass

Control and Prevention
;Regular annual vaccination against the disease
:;proper disposal of carcass by burning. Don't open the carcass to prevent spore forming! The carcass can also be buried 6 feet deep and the hole as well as the carcass be lined with splinkled magadi soda.

Treatment is aimed at the surviving animals in the same herd.
Boil 250g of Synadenium grantii roots and 250g of Warburgia ugandensis bark in 1 litre of water for 30min.
Let cool and sieve to drench each adult cattle with 300ml of the decoction three times a day for 3-5 days.

Salvadora persica roots and leaves 250g each boiled together for 30minutes can also be used at the same doses for 3-5 days.
;Don't allow animal to graze the site where the animal has died.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Tagetes minuta-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.
Thank you.

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Ocimum basillicum-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Tamarindus indica-Flowers

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Tamarindus indica-leaves

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Tamarindus indica-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Synadenium grantii-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 per year to help in its conservation and development.

Read more...

Solanum dennekense-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development and Research.

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Senna septmetrionalis-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Lantana camara-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Gerrardanthus lobatus-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
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Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Flowering part of Ficus sycamorus

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FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
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Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Ficus sycamorus-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
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Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Euphorbia robecchii-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Diospyros scabra-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
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Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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The seed part of Datura strominium

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FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
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Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

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Datura strominium-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Albizia coriaria-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
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Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Adenium obesum-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Adenia volkensii-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Adansonia digitata-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary Medicine

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Acokanthera schimperi-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Achyrynthes aspera-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Acalypha fruticosa-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Abrus precatorius-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Abrus precatorius-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary


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Seeds and the floral part.

Seeds are also used for jewellery in African communities and used during engagement and marriage to denote sign of fertility and love in both sexes.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Urtica doica-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary.


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The leaves of stinging nettle are dried and pounded to make Organic mineral lick for livestock in Ethnoveterinary.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Solanum nigrum-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary


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The leaves of Solanum nigrum are dried and pounded to make an Organic mineral lick for livestock in Ethnoveterinary.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Solanum nigrum-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary


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A young shoot of Solanun nigrum.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Russian Comfrey-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary


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Russian comfrey is an important medicinal plant in Ethnoveterinary whose leaves are dried and pounded to make an Organic mineral lick for livestock.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Amaranthus-Medicinal Plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development and Research.

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Myrsine africana-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development and Research.

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Nicotiana tabacum-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development and Research.

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Ricinus communis-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development and Research.

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Rauvolfia caffra-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary


Mwerere in Kikuyu. This medicinal plant treats retained afterbirth in Ethnoveterinary.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Gynandropsis gynandra-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary


This indigenious vegetable is important in treatment of retained afterbirth and organic mineral lick formulatiom in Ethnoveterinary.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Grewia villosa-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary


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This medicinal plant is usefull in treatment of Foot and Mouth Disease and retained afterbirth in Ethnoveterinary.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Euphorbia magnicapsula-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary


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This plant of cactus family is usefull in treatment of Coenurosis,Foot and mouth disease and venerial diseases in livestock.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Albizia anthelmintica-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary


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This medicinal plant is useful in Ethnoveterinary as an effective dewormer against liver flukes and stomach/intestinal worms.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Acacia drepanolobium-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary


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The common name of this medicinal acacia is Whistling thorn.

It is usefull in treatment of retained afterbirth and diarrhoea in Ethnoveterinary.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Tephrosia vogelii-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary


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Common name is fish bean poison a name attributed to its high toxicity to fish and should never be disposed into water bodies.

It is used in Ethnoveterinary in control of ticks,fleas and Tsetse flies.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Azadirachta indica-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Allium sativum-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Solanum incanum

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Cassia spp-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Erythrina abyssinica-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Salvadora persica-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Ajuga remota-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Leaves of a young shoot of Prunus africana.

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Prunus africana-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

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Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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Acacia busei-Medicinal plant used in Ethnoveterinary

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Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

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ALOE Spp-Medicinal plant useful in Ethnoveterinary

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profarms.wainaina@gmail.com

Or call us on Mobile;
+254723364135

Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

Read more...

Synadenium compactum-Medicinal Plant in Ethnoveterinary

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profarms.wainaina@gmail.com

Or call us on Mobile;
+254723364135

Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

Read more...

Basella alba-Medicinal Plant in Ethnoveterinary

Contact us on Email;
profarms.wainaina@gmail.com

Or call us on Mobile;
+254723364135

Help us promote and develop this Medicinal plant by conserving and putting it into commercial use in processing Natural Medicines.

Send your donation by cheque to;
Profarms Enterprises
PO Box 34972-00100
NAIROBI,KENYA.

Or donate by Electronic Fund Transfer(EFT) to the following Bank Account;
Profarms Enterprises
FAMILY BANK LTD,KENYA
A/c#045457383302

Your donation will help us conserve,promote,develop and process this plant as alternative drug for Organic Livestock Keepers on a Commercial scale.

Or ADOPT THIS PLANT in our Herbal Botanic Gardens for $ 100 US Dollars per year to help in its conservation and development.

Read more...

Tropical Livestock Diseases;TRYPONOSOMOSIS

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Tryponosomosis is a disease that affects many species of livestock in the Tsetse infested areas in the tropics.
It is a protozoic disease caused by Trypanasoma spp and transmitted by tsetse flies.

The common clinical signs in the affected animals include;
;rough dull coat
;lack of appetite
;loss of body condition
;a characteristic foul smell from the animal
;reduced milk production in milking animals
;bleeding from the mouth,ears and nostrils
;anaemia and paleness of mucous membranes
;abortion in pregnant animals
;swollen lymph nodes
Death in about two weeks in untreated animals

Control of tsetse flies is a method of prevention for this disease.

Treatment;Boil 1/4 kg bark of Salvadora persica in 1 litre of water for 30minutes and drench the cooled and filtered decoction to the affected animal twice a day for 5-7 days. Goats and sheep use 300ml of the decoction for similar period.

Other useful plants in treatment include bark and roots of Acacia refisciens,fresh bark of Terminalia brownii.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Tropical Livestock Diseases;HEARTWATER

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The name of this tickborne disease is derived from a condition in which the cavity between the heartmuscle and the thin membrane covering the heart muscle(pericardium)is filled with fluid in the affected animals.

It is transmitted by the Amblyomma spp.of ticks.

It is caused by a ricketsia known as Cowdria ruminatum which is hosted by these ticks.

The clinical signs in the affected animals include;
;constant chewing and teeth grinding movements
;exaggerated blinking
;animal presses its head against objects
;high fever
;stiff gait in movement
;innappetance
;intermittent diarrhoea
;fits and convulsions
;postmortem of dead affected animals reveal the characteristic water filled pericardium.

The main method of prevention is based on control of Amblyomma spp of ticks.

Treatment;boil 1/4 kg each of the roots and bark of Warburgia ugandensis in 1 litre of water and drench the cooled decoction 300ml per day and 75ml for cattle and sheep respectively for 3-5days.

Other useful plants in treatment include Carissa edulis roots and leaves boiled together.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Tropical Livestock Diseases;BABESIOSIS

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Babesiosis is also commonly known as Red water. The affected animals pass urine which is tainted with blood hence giving the disease this name. It is serious disease of cattle and donkeys.

It is transmitted by the Blue tick of Boophilus spp. The tick hosts the Babesia spp.protozoa that is reaposible for causing the disease in livestock.

Clinical signs in the affected animals include;
;the characteristic red bloodstained urine
;very high fever
;anaemia as characterised by pale mucous membranes
;the animal suffers from nervous signs due to high fever
;innappetance

Prevention is done thro isolation of the affected animals and blue tick control.

Treatmemt; grind or pound dry bark of Prunus africacana and mix 1/4 kg of this powder with 1 litre of water. Drench the affected animal once per day for 3-5days.

Other medicinal plants useful in treating of Babesiosis include roots of Erythrina abyssinica,bark of Acacia exocephaleia.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Tropical Livestock Diseases;EAST COAST FEVER

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This is a serious disease of cattle which is transmitted by the brown ear tick(Rhipicephalus appendiculatus). It is especially fatal in young calves. It is characterised by a very high mortality rate in the affected animals. Animals that recover from the disease either through treatment or natural resistance to the disease acquire lifetime immunity from the disease.

It is caused by a protozoa that lives and multiplies in the salivary glands of the brown ear tick.

Clinical signs displayed by the affected animals include;
;swollen superficial lymph nodes especially on the shoulder blades of the fore limbs
;lack of appetite
;very high body temperature
;rough hair coat
;rapid breathing
;small pinpoint blood spots under the tongue and on the inside walls of the vulva
;whitish corneal spot on both eyes and tears discharge
;coughing and nasal discharge
;decreased milk production
;blood and mucous stains on the dung
;death occurs in 8-14 days after the onset of the above clinical signs when there is no treatment done.

Control of the brown ear tick is the main method of prevention.

Sheep are known to cleanse the protozoa(Theileria parva) from the ticks salivary glands without being affected by the disease when they are bitten by these ticks.

As a biological control method,sheep are then grazed before cattle in rotational grazing in order to cleanse any ticks present in the paddocks of the protozoa before introducing cattle in the same paddocks.

Treatment;Boil 2kg of Synadenium compactum in 1 litre of water for 30minutes,allow to cool,filter and drench the adult cattle with 1 litre of this decoction daily for 5-7days.

Calves are drenched with half litre of the same decoction for the same period of time.

Make paste of the same plant leaves and apply on the swollen lymph nodes to slow down the multiplication of the protozoa inside the lymph nodes.

Animals that recover are not affected by East coast fever again in their lives.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

Tropical Livestock Diseases;ANAPLASMOSIS

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Anaplasmosis is common disease in many species of livestock including cattle,sheep and goats. It is not normally a fatal disease but cuts down on productivity in terms of reduced growth rate for young animals and reduced production in mature animals.

It is transmitted by the blue tick also known as dog tick(Boophilus spp).

Clinical signs of the disease that show on the affected animals include;
;lack of appetite
;constipation and pelleted dung in cattle
;Fever
;rough hair coat
;Pale or yellow mucous membranes especially inside of the eyelids
;Swollen abdomen even when the animal has not fed
;Drop in milk production
;unco ordinated movement
;animal prefers to stay under shade most of the time
;animal passes little amounts of yellow urine

The disease is caused by a protozoa that lives and multiplies in the salivary glands of the blue tick known as Anaplasma marginale/Anaplasma centrale.

Its main method of prevention is based on the control of the Blue tick.

Treatment; Make a fine paste of Basella alba leaves-1 kg leaves and mix with one litre of clean water. Give the animal half litre of this mix once a day for 3-5 days. Goats and sheep are given 1/4 litre of the same mix for the same period.

To relieve constipation,boil 2kg of Solanaceae manii leaves and 2kg of Cassia spectabilis leaves in four litres of water for 30minutes,allow to cool,filter and give adult cattle 2litres of this decoction once a day untill constipation disapears. Goats and sheep take half litre per day of this decoction. Stop as soon as the animal diarrhoeas and clears the swollen abdomen.

Other medicinal plants which are useful in treating ansplasmosis include;Ajuga remota leaves and soft stem,Croton megalocarpus bark and Acacia aeforta bark.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

HOW TO PREPARE THE DELICIOUS KIENYEJI(LOCAL INDIGINEOUS)CHICKEN

In Organic Livestock Production,Kienyeji chicken is considered to be more organic than hybrid chicken whose management and rearing involves use of synthetic drugs in their disease control. Kienyeji chicken on the other hand is rarely treated using antibiotics and in a free range system,it forages for varied diet which makes it more nutritious as a meal than Hybrids.

To promote its use an Organic chicken,we have decided to post this recipe for making a delicious kienyeji chicken.

Please try our recipe.

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ETHNOVETERINARY-Conservation of Medicinal Plants Important for our Use now and Posterity of Future Generations

Africa is known to be well endowed with many natural resources especially minerals. We at PROFARMS CONSULTANTS believe that our richest natural resource is Our Biodiversity in wild plants,wild and farm animals and the indigeneous knowledge among the citizens of this continent in conservation and sustainable use of this rare resource. We must therefore restrain our greed and overexploitation of our biodiversity resource for our immediate use and consider the posterity of our future generations both inside and outside African Continent. Each continent is well endowed with a fair share of biodiversity as a resource but Africa has a LION's share of plants that are known to have medicinal value by default mainly due to slow adoption of modern methods of agriculture which has left vast areas of land under their natural conditions harbouring natural plants. Its these remaining medicinal plants that must be conserved and multiplied to ensure their sustainable use now and in future. In this post,we will look at some approaches that can be used to conserve and multiply these valuable plants.

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Bernard Wainaina- Livestock Consultant, PROFARMS CONSULTANTS NAIROBI,KENYA



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Bernard Wainaina has extensive experience in Organic Livestock Production having had worked in the civil service as a Livestock Officer in the Ministry of Livestock Development and in the private sector as a Regional Technical Representative in GTZ(Intergrated Small Livestock Project), Kenchic Limited. He is also a part time Tutor in Organic Animal Husbandry and Ethnoveterinary Medicine at Kenya Institute of Organic Farming-Juja. He also runs his Livestock Consultancy Firm which trains on Organic Livestock Production to farmers and installs Biogas Production Units. He is a regular contributor to International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements on Internet Training Platform and his training materials can be accessed under Organic Animal Husbandry site on this Platform.

He is a graduate of Egerton University,Njoro in Animal Production.PROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYAPROFARMS CONSULTANTS,NAIROBI-KENYA

COURSE CONTENT FOR VARIOUS FARM ANIMALS

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This course content highlights the important areas of emphasis when delivering the training to our farmers groups. Our training manuals contain more details on this important areas.

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TRAINING MODULES FOR ORGANIC LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION

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INTRODUCTION;PROFARMS has developed a well researched training module for Organic Livestock Production geared towards compliance with East African Organic Production Standards.

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ORGANIC LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION TRAINING COURSES

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PROFARMS CONSULTANTS is a registered private firm specializing in Organic Livestock Production training for farmers, pupils and students in secondary schools and tertiary institutions. We also organize  structured marketing channels for organic livestock certified products. Soon we are also going to start a small livestock inputs processing unit to cater for Organic Livestock farmers who require synthetic chemical free inputs for their livestock. In this regard, we work closely with Kenya Organic Agriculture Network(KOAN) on the content of training package content in ORGANIC LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION in order to conform with the requirements for Organic Certification of the livestock products to be marketed. We have already conducted an ORGANIC POULTRY WORKSHOP for Gitare organic farmers group in GILGIL together with KOAN. We invite farmers groups and individual farmers to request for training on the following packages at the stated training fees;

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PROFARMS CONSULTANTS PROFILE

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Who are we? We are a consortium of Organic Agriculture Specialists dealing with farmers training at group and individual level specifically on Organic Livestock Production and Organic Crop Production. Our training is biased on imparting the practical skills to farmers who want to convert to Organic System of production for both livestock and crops leading to certification under East African Organic Production Standards(EAOPS).

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