James' Blog

where I rant about things

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Downgrade Your BIOS Using 'flashrom'

Before reading this tutorial, please bear in mind that playing with your BIOS can make your computer become irreversibly damaged, making it unable to start. Carry out this tutorial at your own risk!

Yesterday I was stuck in a very awkward situation involving my BIOS. Basically I had to upgrade it to support new hardware, but the upgrade lost support for some of the old hardware, namely my RAID0 array! Let me explain:

About a week ago I purchased a new graphics card. This particular graphics card (ATI Radeon HD3850X2) was newer than my motherboard (ASUS M2N-SLI Deluxe), therefore when I switched my computer on with the new graphics card installed there was no display as the BIOS did not support it.

So I did the logical thing and upgraded to the latest BIOS. There are a number of ways to do this on an ASUS board, the easiest being to put the new BIOS image file on a USB stick, boot up and enter setup and go into the 'EZFlash' program. EZFlash finds image files on the USB stick, uploads a new one and downloads a copy of the old one for backup.

When I rebooted, however, I discovered that ASUS had cleverly not thought about making an existing RAID array backward compatible with the new BIOS software. In fact, the RAID BIOS isn't even available, meaning I was unable to boot at all.

No big deal, I thought. I had backed up the old BIOS so at least I could get things back to normal by downgrading again. Wrong. When I went back into EZFlash to upload the old BIOS again, all it managed to come up with was 'Cannot downgrade - BIOS unsuitable for system'. Thanks, ASUS!

I tried the different methods ASUS provides to try and get the old BIOS back on. I tried Unetbootin to make a FreeDOS USB bootdisk and used awdflash.exe whilst in FreeDOS to flash the BIOS. Nope, same complaint. I couldn't try the Windows utility as I was unable to boot.

After scratching my head for a long while, I came across a program called 'flashrom'. Flashrom is a free and open source tool which, among other things, is able to flash your BIOS without the restriction I thus far had encountered.


Installing flashrom

I booted into an Ubuntu 9.10 Live CD. To install I made sure that 'universe' and 'multiverse' were enabled, like I did on step 2 of installing Adobe Flash for Opera, then I typed the following in the command line:

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install flashrom


Once flashrom is installed, you will want to check that your motherboard is supported by looking at the list of supported hardware. If there is a similar motherboard with the same chipset as yours, yours will probably be OK too. For instance mine is not listed, but the MCP55 chipset is, so I was quite confident it would work.


Using flashrom

Using flashrom is easy. Remember you must have root privileges. It's command line but it is very simple:

1. First, in a terminal, navigate to the folder where the BIOS file you intend to upload is stored.

2. Get a copy of your current BIOS for backup purposes:
$ sudo flashrom --read oldbios.bin


3. Flash the BIOS, replacing it with the new one:
$ sudo flashrom --write newbios.bin


If it goes wrong, DO NOT RESTART OR TURN OFF THE COMPUTER. The flashrom team recommends that you head over to their IRC channel and let them help you sort it out if this happens. Bear in mind if it does go wrong and you do turn the computer off, you won't be able to restart again. The flashrom channel is #flashrom on irc.freenode.net.

If you can verify that your motherboard works and it is not on the list, remember to help out the project by sending your results to the mailing list.

Thanks go to the flashrom contributors for enabling me to use my computer again, and to you for reading this far!

Changing Gnome Bookmarks in Ubuntu

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OK, so you are a savvy user who knows their stuff and have become sick of Windows so have switched to Ubuntu. The problem is that you need to keep Windows because you like to play the odd game or two, and it is not convenient to have two separate computers. You decide to employ a dual boot setup so you can choose what to boot when you switch the computer on.

This is all quite easy to do even if you don't know about Linux, but once you've become accustomed to Ubuntu you might decide it would be better if you could share your Windows 'My Documents' folder with your Ubuntu 'Documents' folder, etc. Again, easy to do, but if you don't know your way around the Gnome environment you might not know what you're looking for. Even the easiest task can seem impossible if you don't know what you're doing!

To do this, you will need to make sure your Windows partition is mounted in your Linux environment. In later versions of Ubuntu, the default place where this is mounted is '/windows'.

To edit your system's bookmarks, you need to open a File Browser window (click Places > Home Folder) then click Bookmarks > Edit Bookmarks. You will be presented with this screen:



Customise your bookmarks until you are happy with them. Enter the filepath of your Windows directories into the Location field (if you are having trouble, find the folder you want in the File Browser then copy the filepath from the Location field shown at the top). You can delete all of the old ones if you like. Bear in mind that if you have files saved in your Documents/Pictures/Videos etc subdirectories of your home folder, they will not be deleted, but you will not be able to access them easily from the Places menu anymore.

Now you have customised your bookmarks in the File Browser, they will be integrated into your system in the same way that My Documents/My Pictures/My Videos etc are integrated into the Windows shell. This can come in very handy as you can save your documents in one operating system and be one click away from them in the other. Your old windows documents will also be much easier to access.

Installing and Using Spotify via Wine on Ubuntu 9.10 Karmic Koala

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Another simple guide for Ubuntu n00bs. There currently is not currently a version of Spotify for Linux. However, with some simple tweakage, it is possible to use Spotify using an open source Windows emulator called Wine. This is how I installed Spotify and made it run stable:

1. Install the Wine package in Synaptic package manager. This will require dependencies, but Synaptic will download these for you.



2. Go to the Spotify website and download Spotify for Windows. Gnome-open will automatically open this in Wine for you. N.B You need to install all of the applications you wish to use in Wine itself. Running programs you have previously installed on your Windows installation will not work!

3. Once Spotify is installed, go to Applications > Wine > Configure Wine, and navigate to the Audio tab:



4. In this tab, tick the ALSA and OSS drivers. The DirectSound settings make no discernible difference on my setup, but if you are having trouble, disable hardware acceleration here and in the Spotify preferences. Before, launching Spotify, click the Test Sound button to check that everything is working OK.

5. Launch Spotify and start playing some tracks to check it is working OK. If you are experiencing hangups after pausing and skipping/noise in the first few seconds of songs, double check you have ticked the OSS driver mentioned in step 4.

That is all for setting up Spotify. After enabling the OSS driver in Wine settings I have been able to use it without hitch. Try it yerself!

Installing and Using Flash on Opera 10.01 with Ubuntu 9.10 64 bit Edition

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Copied from my post at Ubuntuforums.org.

I installed Ubuntu 9.10 64 bit edition this weekend, and am very impressed . From dabbling around in 64-bit Linux (Gutsy and Mandriva 2007.1) a couple of years back I vaguely remembered having problems getting Flash player to work. However, I didn't have too much trouble at all getting it to work this time, so I will share my experiences by writing a step-by-step guide on how i did it:

1. Download Opera 10.01 from the Opera website by selecting the .deb package for 9.10 Karmic Koala.

2. Before installing this you may need to go onto System > Administration > Software Sources and tick all of the boxes on the first tab.



3. Execute the installation package. You may need to download some dependencies but this will be done for you by Synaptic.

4. Once this is done, go to System > Administration > Synaptic Package Manager and install 'flashplugin-installer'. This is a non-free package so for it to be available you may have to enable extra software sources. If you cannot see it, double check you have done step 2.



5. Start up Opera and go to Tools > Preferences. Click the advanced tab. go to Content and click the 'Plug-in Options' button. You will be presented with this screen:



6. Untick the /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins. Make sure the /usr/lib/flashplugin-installer path is ticked. Also if you are running any other plugins make sure the /usr/lib/opera/plugins path is ticked too.

Now Opera is all set to use Flash. If you are having trouble, give it a go and let me know if it works for you!

Saturday

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Another busy day for me. This time the reverse of my journey to my Mum's, to be completed in time for work at 4pm. I was very tired and ended up sleeping in til about 10. To be honest it was probably my body telling me I didn't really want to go home yet. Planning things before work always seems to end up in anticlimax for me, as I find it hard to enjoy myself when my shift is looming, and it always seems to stay in the back of my head. Adam showed me that I could overcome this last weekend, but unforutunately today I wasn't so lucky.

Not to say that I didn't have an eventful journey back though, or a particularly bad one, although there was a slight hiccup.

I set off around half 11 and the weather was glorious. Scorching hot, I had my jacket vents wide open. I made very quick progress on the motorway up to Birch services to fill up. I normally fill up at Bolton West but I hadn't hit my reserve as I was passing bolton so I decided to push on a little further. After filling up it was a ~120mph weave along a saturated M62. I didn't realise riding so fast would deplete my tank so quickly, and it was difficult to gauge with only a reserve tap and a speedometer that reads no higher than 85mph. I hit the reserve at around the 85 mile mark, a few miles past Ferrybridge services, the last services on the M62, there being none on the M180.

It was a bit late to turn back, so I slowed down to 70mph in the hope of improving economy, and sat behind a Volvo, hoping I would make it to a petrol station. I came off at junction 4 to see if there was, by chance, a petrol station on the roundabout, but it was in vain. I ended up running out half a mile from junction 3, which has a Jet garage on it (which I didn't know until afterward). I pulled over and checked my phone battery. Dead. Ballbags.

By this time (1:15PM) the weather was even better. It really was idyllic. I was roasting from the inside in my bike gear. I scanned the horizon on my side of the motorway for signs of a petrol station, and across the field I saw a blue and white forecourt canopy. After chucking my lid and gloves onto the verge out of harm's way, I walked back along the motorway up to the nearest bridge where I climbed up the verge and walked along the road that led to the garage. It turned out that the pumps had been taken away a long time ago, but after a few moments of panic, I asked one of the mechanics if I could borrow his phone. Top bloke. I rang the AA and asked them to come out with some petrol for me. The man on the phone was very kind but it took me some time to explain to him exactly where I was. Apparently it wasn't possible that I was between junctions 3 and 4 going eastbound. Also the milepost wasn't right (I knew it was 37.5A, because every half a mile there is a large blue sign in addition to the small white post, and I was parked right next to it.)

I walked back along the road up to the bridge then jumped onto the hard shoulder and walked along it again, back up to my bike. The instructions must have been understood by the AA man, as he was there within 20 minutes of me calling. He didn't even ask to see my card, I just gave him a fiver for the petrol and he followed me to the junction to make sure I didn't have any problems. Bravo.

Ironically, by riding so fast and making such great time by doing so, I had ultimately ended up waiting a lot longer to sort out my personal petrol crisis. If I had taken it a bit steady, I wouldn't have ran out of fuel and would have made better time. However, after an uneventful journey past Humberside Airport and Louth, I got home just before half past three, giving me enough time to jettison my bags and have a quick hoon to work.

I was quite tired from the fast riding and the walking around and climbing in my leathers. Work was quite uneventful, we ended up closing early.

On the way home I spotted a pair of lads on 125s who had broken down. Being too nice for my own good, I stopped to check everything was OK. Turns out one of the guys' bikes (a SYM Husky) had combusted its oil and seized up. I ran to town to find a garage that was open to buy the lad (Mark) some oil. We filled it up as a last ditch effort but it was no good. Luckily, Mark had a ten mile complimentary tow with his RAC policy that was part of his bank account, and although he lived all the way over in Lincoln, he was able to get the bike towed to his Mum's in Mablethorpe. I stayed with Mark shooting the breeze til the recovery truck came, then said farewell.

By the time I got home I had clocked up 200 miles, and had been in the saddle for around 4 hours. If it had been straightforward riding with no deadlines and no worries I wouldn't have been shattered, but, today especially, it's never usually that simple.

Friday

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Friday was a well earned break from work, riding and the somewhat dysfunctional household in which I live. It was great to to see the other half of my family whom I haven't seen for five months. I could go into lots of detail but it will probably bore you, and anyway, it's none of your beeswax.

There was a rate fit girl in Game who unfortunately was dressed like a twelve year old and was far too enthusiastic than what I deem acceptable for someone working in retail. Perhaps I was just jealous.

I played Blazing Angels 2 which was pretty awesome detail-wise. The gameplay was very addictive, and while the physics weren't completely realistic, this didn't hinder the playability one bit. I also tried out HAWX but the physics were something akin to Elite (pictured right).

By this point my phone's battery was down to one bar, and I had no charger with me so I was getting worried about the possibility of being stranded on the journey home the next day. Not much I could do though, so I just tried to sleep off the apprehension.

Thursday

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I knew Thursday was going to be a busy day from the outset. What I didn't know was that it was also going to be eventful, and in places completely and utterly random. Fate surely had something to do with it.

I woke up at 8, which was commendable for me, and got myself ready for the day ahead. The plan; work from 11:30 til 9ish then set straight off to my Mum's on the bike. I got everything packed and the mp3 player I found the night before just disappeared. Never mind, I had everything I needed for the journey, so I would just have to do without.

Work was uneventful, yet tiring. While I was there I took the liberty of fitting my new flyscreen.

I ended up finishing around 8:45, my first port of call being a mate's house to tighten the tiny nylon nuts on the screen. I jumped on the bike, and the battery was flat. Bugger. Not to worry, my friend's house is literally a stone's throw away from work, so I pushed the bike over there for a jump.

Bike started and screen bolts tightened, I was ready for the off. Just a brief ride to Skegness to fill up before I set off, then I was on my way. I ended up sitting behind the slowest arsehole on the road in front of me, doing around 30-40mph all the way. By the time I officially set off to my Mum's it was about a quarter past ten.

I was relieved when I finally set off for Preston. After a quick ton-up blat along the Burgh bypass courtesy of Lincolnshire County Council, I spotted a gent with a CB750 at the side of the road who looked stranded. I took a U-turn to see if there was anything I could do. Turns out he'd blown his main fuse and the RAC man was on the way. I said cheerio and carried on.

It was getting dark, but the sunset was beautiful. Riding through the twilight was a great thing to behold. In fact you could say I was riding into the sunset. I took the A16 north toward Grimsby, then turned off toward the M180. I saw a pair of bikes parked up on a side road that looked very familiar, but I couldn't quite work out why. It was probably a bit silly to turn round and check it out this late, but something instinctively told me to, so I did. Turns out it was my mates Mark and JB, Mark aboard his Hyosung GT650 and JB on his City Fly. What a coincidence it was bumping into them. By now it was ten past eleven.

I took a quick ride with Mark and JB up to where the A46 crosses the A15 and I tooted goodbye to them as they turned off back to Grimsby. There's a bit of a gash left-hander on the A15 going towards the airport, and with it being so dark I couldn't really make it out, but managed to scrub off my speed to a safe 30mph when I did spot it. I made a mental note for the journey back.

From seeing my mates it took me an hour to get to Hartshead Moor services, where I stopped for fuel and a piss. Walking into the motorway service station at midnight really showed it up for the shithole it really is, the lack of crowds of people leaving the grotiness nothing to hide behind. I decided against stopping for something to eat.

From here it was a straight, easy run to my destination. A steady 100mph ride via the M62, M61 and the last mile or so of the M65 which terminates about 3 miles from my Mum's house. I arrived at about 1, 80 miles in 45 minutes thanks to the lack of traffic. I will definitely consider riding motorways at night again if I want to get somewhere quickly and efficiently. There's no way I could have made that progress in the daytime. The screen did nothing to help my neck, however, and got me dreaming of alternative bikes again.

Motorways

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On the motorway, like many situations in life, there's a lot of stereotyping to be done. You have the sales rep in an estate, who travels pretty quick in lane 3 but won't move over to let you past in fear of knocking his coffee onto his laptop. There's the pair of lorry drivers which overtake each other every 5 miles (which you will notice if you're patient enough to follow/unlucky enough to get stuck behind them that long). Perhaps the most annoying is the person who sits in the middle lane regardless of whether they're overtaking or not. And of course the family who are out for the day in the most knackered car on the road, overloaded with kids screaming/jumping/hand gesturing as you go by. Let's not forget the white Volvo whom everyone slows down for.

I'm not sure exactly how bikes fit into the jigsaw. I've never driven a car on the motorway (not sure I want to), making this a side of driving 'culture' something I've never seen from a third person perspective. However, I can imagine the average biker being portrayed as the jammy sod who doesn't get held up by traffic jams (wearing a hi-vis giving you a noticeable advantage in this situation up), but apart from that I can't imagine anyone not interested in bikes actually noticing them at all.

Of course, us biking folk have our own stereotypes too. These do extend to the motorway, but not to the same extent as general traffic. Absolutely no idea where I would fit in this puzzle either.

The way I specifically ride is always in the top lane unless there's no one to overtake, or someone really wants to get past me that badly. When it comes to filtering, I'm not that confident so this is probably the only time on the road when I see other bikes (or anyone at all, for that matter lol) passing me. There was a period of about a week of riding to college when I thought I could fit into any gap and was very confident at filtering. However, this ended when I clipped some bint's 'brand new' Corsa with my wing mirror. However that's another anecdote.

Trip Financial Planner

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Just a quick one so that I could share with you my trip financial planner. It was uploaded onto my webspace with my old ISP, and I uploaded it again here as a request. It probably needs much polishing up. Any ideas to spruce it up or improve functionality are welcome bigsmile.

Trip Planner.xls

Software Review - Miranda IM

As Opera users, we have found an alternative to a mainstream browser. This could be for a number of reasons. The most likely one, I think, being that another browser didn't do things we wanted it to, or, even worse, did things we didn't want them to. I definitely ditched Internet Explorer for the latter reason, but more on this another time. This situation is the same in all kinds of software. Users choose what software they want based on what they want to achieve with it, and change their choices due to concerns, issues or problems which arise from using it. I'm going to put forward my views on the software I chose and why I use it.

Every week, I'm going to try and review a piece of software that I use regularly. Firstly I'll explain why I need this kind of software and what features I would like it to have. I'll also give a quick background on other programs that perform the same job and why I chose the program over the others. Then I'll give a basic tutorial on using it and setting it up, and finally say what I think it could do better.


Miranda IM is a multi-protocol instant messaging client. It can connect to a large number of protocols, most of which I've never even heard of, and can perform most features in each protocol as well as basic messaging and buddy lists. The protocols I use are MSN, AIM and ICQ, but MSN is the protocol that most of my friends use. My main goal is to have a program which contains all of the features of Windows Live Messenger, but none of the tremendous bloat, especially on the latest build which took up something stupid like 80mb of memory with no chat windows open. I have plenty of RAM, but that's ridiculous. I also don't understand why Microsoft haven't introduced tabs into Live Messenger yet. With more than two or three windows open, it becomes almost impossible to keep track of your conversations. There are other alternatives out there, I tried Trillian which seems too heavy on resources and lacking in certain features that I would like. I also tried Pidgin which has a well thought out user interface but again it lacks features like personal messages.

If you're a KDE user, Kopete is an instant messenger which includes pretty much every MSN feature including webcam and microphone support, and it integrates automatically with AmaroK and Kaffeine to alter your personal message to include your now playing. Very handy.

For MSN, the base package of Miranda includes support for sending and recieving messages in plain text, display pictures (sort of), and your contact list, display name and personal message which you can create or they can be downloaded from the MSN server. This doesn't sound like a lot, and it isn't. To start with, this is a very sparse instant messenger. However, the beauty of Miranda is that you can expand it by adding plugins which can be downloaded from the site. It's pretty difficult for the average user to do this, so I'll list the plugins I started off with:

  • tabSRMM Unicode 2.0
  • CList Nicer+
  • Avatar Service
  • Tooltip Info
  • Popup Plus 2.1.0.5
  • SmileyAdd Unicode
  • History++ (2in1)


These should all come straight up if you type them in the search box at http://addons.miranda-im.org/. I will post a link to a zip file with my build of Miranda ready to go soon, I just want to get it right first! If you downloaded the Unicode version of Miranda (2000/XP/Vista), make sure you download the Unicode versions of the plugins. The opposite applies if you downloaded the ANSI build (9x/ME). This should get it going with pretty good functionality, although you will have to activate the plugins and restart the program first. You can then skin the contact list and the tabSRMM message window, which makes the program a lot more pleasant on the eye.

This is how I have my Miranda set up at the moment, and I must say I'm impressed. The best thing about Miranda is its low use of resources. Right now it's using 2mb of my physical memory, an unnoticeable amount on my system which has 2gb of RAM. This could well be a godsend for people who are running older PCs. One thing I hate is bloated programs, and it seems that some software vendors want to slow down our PCs as quickly as hardware manufacturers are making them faster, which is unacceptable.

I would like webcam and microphone support, better support for custom emoticons and smileys, and an easier way to configure the user interface, maybe a plugin which manages the contact list and the message window in one, but I'm happy to live without it as this is one seriously lightweight program, allowing me to not worry about it while I have other programs running.

This is in no way a program which someone without a fair bit of competence in computing could set up and use how they wanted it. If you just want to install and go, I would not recommend this software. However, if you're sick of using MSN but need to keep using the protocol because all your friends use it like in my case, and have a bit of time to spend setting it up and customizing it, the results will be rewarding.

**** out of 5


June 2012
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