Sunday, 16. September 2007, 01:26:01
philosophy, audio, essay
A small essay on digital & analogue recording, as well as what really matters with sound & frequency processing.
Sound is an impulse. An impulse of energy - in this case, the energy is moving air or some other resonant material. Vitality, energy, harmony - all that in the West is treated separately, in Chinese is called "ji" - the life essence itself. Music is a direct incarnation, reflexion of that.
The charge, potential, power of sound impulse is usually notated in frequency terms by humans.
Digital processing involves the conversion of any analogue of an image (or sound) into bit-coded representation. Initially there are only two solid states of a bit - on or off (true/false, yes/no, 1/0, etc.). With more bits assigned, the complexity can be increased, e. g. with several bits representing the position of a character in a mapped alphabet, other bits representing the position of a character within a line, other bits drawing the character onscreen, etc.
In digital representation, a whole of a picture or a fragment of sound is represented in smallest possible fragments - quantums. In the case of imagery, the smallest component of a represented picture is pixel. In the case of sound, it is sample. A pixel is a smallest square dot represented by a bitmapped image; a sample is a fragment of a second, capturing variation from one state of a sound wave to another. The more samples per second, the higher the frequency of sound wave captured, the higher the resolution (and precision) of the digital soundwave, the more natural the sounding.
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Thursday, 9. August 2007, 07:41:50
Gear review, audio, review
The Cowon T2 player is a small "necklace" audio player. It isn't the size of a regular necklace pendant, much larger - a small 80's- (or 70's?-)styled black box.

It is intended as a "PC companion" player, not as a standalone player with an entire music collection. The player didn't come with an AC adapter - it is charged by USB connection (two hours for a full charge).
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Wednesday, 27. September 2006, 19:56:07
audio, compression, LAME, MP3
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These are the settings for the LAME codec and the OGG encoder.
Command lines from Windows batch files.
The LAME "decode" setting from lamedec.bat:
lame.exe -k --decode %1
The "-k" parameter disables bandpassing (of any kind) by the LAME engine. As of LAME 3.93 MMX, the codec cut off all frequencies above 18 KHz even when decoding. This has been filed as a bug.
The LAME "encode" setting from lameenc.bat:
lame.exe -k --noath -q 0 --notemp --cwlimit 48000 -Z --abr 512 -m s --verbose %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6
Where "-k" disables all frequency cuts (low-/band-/high-passing), "--noath" disables ATH ("absolute threshold of hearing", an imaginary "lower limit of human hearing"), "-q 0" switches to the highest quality possible (also slowest possible, which is still several times the playback rate on a modern CPU), "--cwlimit 48000" computes tonality for up to 48000 Hz (up from default 8.8717), "-Z" is an experimental feature toggling the scalefac and subblock gain on (which, ahem, tends to make percussion sound a bit better), "--abr ###" sets the average bitrate (like VBR, except the codec attempts to target the bitrate instead of operating in a range between min. rate and max. rate), "-m s" sets the mode to stereo (as opposed to "joint stereo" which enables mid/side channel storage), and "--verbose" does exactly what it says.
The OGG encoder setting from oggcode.bat:
oggenc -q 10 --advanced-encode-option lowpass_frequency=96000 %1
All that this does is enable an undocumented "lowpass frequency" parameter (at 96 KHz in the example). Unjustly undocumented, as this is what has prevented OGG from having been taken seriously by audio folks.
Wednesday, 23. August 2006, 20:56:39
audio, demoronising, evil, wma
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WMA, the Windows Media Format, is a format created (well, actually, mostly blueprinted from MP3 with some addition of their own code) by Microsoft for compressed audio transmission (well, actually, more oriented towards sale and lockout of "copyrighted" music).
WMA subsystem, codecs, and associated software (or rather, litter) are bundled with most current versions of Windows.
There is a way to
remove WMP.
The problem with WMA is that to play back the WMA files, the player actually has to contact the WMA interface which checks whether there is a licence installed for the files' playback. In other words, with the rest of the WMA subsystem taken down, and with a WMA plugin for a player such as Winamp or XMPlay, it won't be possible to play anything.
Fortunately, there is the mighty
MPlayer, a universal media player capable of pretty much anything, originally developed for Unix operating systems. There is also
MPUI, a Windows GUI for MPlayer. MPlayer runs great on Windows, taking advantage of any codecs if installed, and includes a "demoronised" version of WMA and WMV codecs which will play back any WMA or WMV file regardless of whether it's licence-protected or not.
For those who have lost their licence files (in a reinstall or somesuch misadventure), or have (rightfully and truthfully) removed the WMP monster altogether, this is a major boon.
To decode to wave, MPlayer has to be run with a "PCM file" output specified, like so:
mplayer -ao pcm:file=smile.wav
The resulting wave file can then be recoded to some other (free) format, or if quality loss is a problem, encoded to a lossless format like
FLAC.