Heating and Air conditioning.

HVAC&R – are the initials that stand for "heating, ventilating, air conditioning and refrigeration". The abbreviation is sometimes also referred as a complete climate control system. The HVAC&R technology holds critical importance while designing medium to large sized corporate or industrial buildings where humidity and temperature need be maintained and regulated to ensure safe and comfortable environment within.

The function of heating, ventilating and air conditioning is based on the principles of thermodynamics, heat transfer and fluid mechanics. Resting on the base of inventions and discoveries made by well known scientists like Michael Faraday, James Joule, Willis Carrier and many others, the components of HVAC systems went hand-in-hands with the industrial revolution, higher efficiency, new methods of modernization and various system controls that are constantly introduced by companies and inventors all over the world.

Heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning are closely interrelated in their functions. All the three seek to provide required thermal comfort, ventilation, indoor air quality, and reasonable air conditioning maintenance and installation costs. In modern building designs the control systems of all these functions are integrated into one or more HVAC systems.

If the building size is small, then the building contractors normally size and select the heating ventilation and air conditioning supplier systems for such buildings themselves. Whereas for larger buildings where the building permits and code compliance inspections of the installations are the norm, the structural designers and architectural engineers conduct a survey of the building and then analyze and design the HVAC systems for that building.

Article source: http://www.heating-airconditioning.co.uk/hcacr-climate-control.htm