My OperaA+ Exam Cram 2 Memory
Sunday, April 8, 2012 5:10:04 AM
Computers use a lot of distinctive microchips and processors, with maybe one of the most familiar becoming the CPU and the primary memorywhat individuals usually refer to because the computer's RAM. Memory is just a temporary location to retailer facts till the CPU can get to it. This knowledge can be plan directions, data, or both. A typical instruction could possibly be a request to store a number or an event someplace. Yet another could be to retrieve that details from a particular placean address. Volatile memory can only hold specifics when a typical electrical existing is present. Nonvolatile memory can hold facts devoid of any electrical existing.
CAUTION
Volatile, from the Latin "to fly," indicates that information and facts "flies away" when there's no electricity to keep it in spot. Television reporters normally refer to an explosive circumstance as a volatile situation, which means that it could change at any second. Nonvolatile memory, for the reason that it isn't volatile, stays the same without any will need for electricity.
Conceptual Overview
Memory is fairly straightforward to understand, once you have grasped the fundamental ideas. Within a nutshell, a CPU moves bits of data into registers (storage locations inside a chip). Immediately after it really is dealt with these data bits to its satisfaction, the CPU functions together having a memory controller to move the outcomes out to memory cells (storage areas on a memory chip). Both registers and memory cells have memory addresses, and each time a bit of information goes somewhere, it crosses a bus of some kind. That is it! Now go pass the exam.
All perfect, so it's a little, so to speak, significantly more complicated than that. Most memory began as dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and the key changes happen to be to either speed up the memory to match the CPU, or to speed up the CPU to match the memory. For essentially the most part, the history of memory development revolves around synchronizing these two subsystems.
NOTE
When we refer to speeding up memory, this commonly means growing either the actual speed with the chips or growing the clock speed of linked buses.
Memory involves a few basic ideas, the first of which can be a grid or matrix. Due to this, we're going to put Table 3.1 to a slightly diverse use, creating it a kind of "mind map." If you ever can see the way the overall concepts break down on a grid, then perhaps they'll be a lot easier to recall.
NOTE
A matrix is nothing additional than an arrangement of columns and rows, like a spreadsheet or an Etch-a-Sketch. Columns go across the page, and rows go down the side. Cells going left to right (horizontally) have an X coordinate. Cells going up and down (vertically) have a Y coordinate. The direction of rows or columns is referred to as the axis. Combining each the X and Y coordinates provides us an address in the grid, like a cell address in a spreadsheet.
Table 3.1 Mind map of basic memory ideas.
Information Storage C Nonvolatile
Disks Temporary swap files
ROM C Nonvolatile BIOS
Programmable ROM CMOS C volatile (trickle charge)
Flash BIOS C Nonvolatile
RAM C Volatile
Types of RAM
Forms of Packaging
Most important Memory
DRAM
DIP
SRAM
SIMM
SDRAM
DIMM
RDRAM
RIMM
VRAM
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CAUTION
Volatile, from the Latin "to fly," indicates that information and facts "flies away" when there's no electricity to keep it in spot. Television reporters normally refer to an explosive circumstance as a volatile situation, which means that it could change at any second. Nonvolatile memory, for the reason that it isn't volatile, stays the same without any will need for electricity.
Conceptual Overview
Memory is fairly straightforward to understand, once you have grasped the fundamental ideas. Within a nutshell, a CPU moves bits of data into registers (storage locations inside a chip). Immediately after it really is dealt with these data bits to its satisfaction, the CPU functions together having a memory controller to move the outcomes out to memory cells (storage areas on a memory chip). Both registers and memory cells have memory addresses, and each time a bit of information goes somewhere, it crosses a bus of some kind. That is it! Now go pass the exam.
All perfect, so it's a little, so to speak, significantly more complicated than that. Most memory began as dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and the key changes happen to be to either speed up the memory to match the CPU, or to speed up the CPU to match the memory. For essentially the most part, the history of memory development revolves around synchronizing these two subsystems.
NOTE
When we refer to speeding up memory, this commonly means growing either the actual speed with the chips or growing the clock speed of linked buses.
Memory involves a few basic ideas, the first of which can be a grid or matrix. Due to this, we're going to put Table 3.1 to a slightly diverse use, creating it a kind of "mind map." If you ever can see the way the overall concepts break down on a grid, then perhaps they'll be a lot easier to recall.
NOTE
A matrix is nothing additional than an arrangement of columns and rows, like a spreadsheet or an Etch-a-Sketch. Columns go across the page, and rows go down the side. Cells going left to right (horizontally) have an X coordinate. Cells going up and down (vertically) have a Y coordinate. The direction of rows or columns is referred to as the axis. Combining each the X and Y coordinates provides us an address in the grid, like a cell address in a spreadsheet.
Table 3.1 Mind map of basic memory ideas.
Information Storage C Nonvolatile
Disks Temporary swap files
ROM C Nonvolatile BIOS
Programmable ROM CMOS C volatile (trickle charge)
Flash BIOS C Nonvolatile
RAM C Volatile
Types of RAM
Forms of Packaging
Most important Memory
DRAM
DIP
SRAM
SIMM
SDRAM
DIMM
RDRAM
RIMM
VRAM
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