极湖

用一个命令组合即可删除 Postfix 邮件队列中的特定邮件。

例：
# mailq | awk '/bad_address@bad_domain/ {print $1}' | tr -d '*' | xargs -n 1 postsuper -d

其中 bad_address@bad_domain 这个字符串根据实际情况修改。

这个命令用到了 awk，tr, xargs 这些命令，很有代表性，因此记录一下。

本文介绍怎样通过 PEAR::Mail 的 mimeDecode.php 解析收到的邮件（包括附件的处理）

首先，根据邮件系统进行别名设置，如：

diary:      "|/usr/local/bin/php /***/****/diary.php"

如果是qmail，可在收取邮件账号的 .qmail 文件里作如下设置：

|/usr/local/bin/php /***/****/diary.php

diary.php 的内容：

<?php 
  require_once 'Mail/mimeDecode.php'; 
  // 取得邮件内容
  $params['include_bodies'] = true; 
  $params['decode_bodies']  = true; 
  $params['decode_headers'] = true; 
  $params['input'] = file_get_contents("php://stdin"); 
  $params['crlf'] = "\r\n"; 
  $structure = Mail_mimeDecode::decode($params); 

  //取得发送邮件地址
  if(preg_match("/<(.*)>/", $mail_from, $matches)) {
    $mail_from = $matches[1]; 
  }
  //取得目标邮件地址
  $mail_to = $structure->headers['to']; 
  if(preg_match("/<(.*)>/", $mail_to, $matches)) {
    $mail_to = $matches[1]; 
  }

  // 取得邮件标题
  $mail_subject = $structure->headers['subject']; 
   
  switch(strtolower($structure->ctype_primary)){ 
    case "text": // 只有一个Part(文本邮件) 
      $mail_body = $structure->body; 
      break; 
    case "multipart":  // 有多个Part(图片等) 
      foreach($structure->parts as $part){ 
        switch(strtolower($part->ctype_primary)){ 
          case "text": // 正文
            $mail_body = $part->body; 
            break; 
          case "image": // 图片
            //取得图片文件扩展名并转为小写
            $type = strtolower($part->ctype_secondary); 
            //检查是否为JPEG格式（同样可以检查是否为GIF或者PNG格式) 
            if($type != "jpeg" and $type != "jpg"){ 
              continue; 
            } 
            //把附件保存到文件
            $file_mame = $part->ctype_parameters['name'];
            $fp = fopen("/tmp/$file_mame", "w" );
            $length = strlen( $part->body ); 
            fwrite( $fp, $part->body, $length ); 
            fclose( $fp ); 
            break; 
        } 
      } 
    break; 
    default: 
    $mail_body = ""; 
  } 
  /* 
   * 其他处理，如：把邮件地址、标题、正文、图片等信息保存到数据库
   */ 
?>

以上代码只是个框架，可以根据自己的需要修改和扩充。运行该代码需要 Pear 的 Mail 及 Mail_MIME 包，安装方法如下：

$ pear install -a Mail
$ pear install -a Mail_MIME

补充：
邮件内容可能有不同的编码，很多情况下都时候需要转码，方法如下（目标编码根据需要修改）：

mb_detect_order("ASCII, JIS, UTF-8, EUC-JP, SJIS");
$mail_subject = mb_convert_encoding($structure->headers['subject'], 'EUC-JP', 'auto');

本文翻译整理自： stdinからのメール処理でメール情報を取得する

1. IIS SMTP + CDONTS.NewMail

Sub SendMailCDONTS(aTo, Subject, TextBody, aFrom)
  Const CdoBodyFormatText = 1
  Const CdoBodyFormatHTML = 0
  Const CdoMailFormatMime = 0
  Const CdoMailFormatText = 1
  Dim Message 'As New cdonts.NewMail
  
  'Create CDO message object
  Set Message = CreateObject("CDONTS.NewMail")
  With Message
    
    'Set email adress, subject And body
    .To = aTo
    .Subject = Subject
    .Body = TextBody
    
    'set mail And body format
    .MailFormat = CdoMailFormatText
    .BodyFormat = CdoBodyFormatText
    
    'Set sender address If specified.
    If Len(aFrom) > 0 Then .From = aFrom
    
    'Send the message
    .Send
  End With
End Sub

2. IIS SMTP + CDO.Message

Sub SendMailCDO(aTo, Subject, TextBody, aFrom)
  Const cdoOutlookExvbsss = 2
  Const cdoIIS = 1
  
  Dim Message 'As New CDO.Message
  
  'Create CDO message object
  Set Message = CreateObject("CDO.Message")
  With Message
    'Load IIS configuration
    .Configuration.Load cdoIIS
    
    'Set email adress, subject And body
    .To = aTo
    .Subject = Subject
    .TextBody = TextBody
    
    'Set sender address If specified.
    If Len(aFrom) > 0 Then .From = aFrom
    
    'Send the message
    .Send
  End With
End Sub

Sub SendMailCDOCacheConf(aTo, Subject, TextBody, aFrom)
  'cached configuration  
  Dim Conf ' As New CDO.Configuration
  If IsEmpty(Conf) Then
    Const cdoOutlookExvbsss = 2
    Const cdoIIS = 1
    Set Conf = CreateObject("CDO.Configuration")
    Conf.Load cdoIIS
  End If
  
  Dim Message 'As New CDO.Message
  
  'Create CDO message object
  Set Message = CreateObject("CDO.Message")
  With Message
    'Set cached configuration
    Set .Configuration = Conf
    
    'Set email adress, subject And body
    .To = aTo
    .Subject = Subject
    .TextBody = TextBody
    
    'Set sender address If specified.
    If Len(aFrom) > 0 Then .From = aFrom
    
    'Send the message
    .Send
  End With
End Sub

3. 远程 SMTP + CDO.Message
修改以上列出函数 SendMailCDOCacheConf 的代码，如下

Sub SendMailCDOCacheConf(aTo, Subject, TextBody, aFrom)
  'cached configuration  
  Dim Conf  'As New CDO.Configuration
  If IsEmpty(Conf) Then
    Const cdoSendUsingPort = 2
    
    Set Conf = CreateObject("CDO.Configuration")
    
    With Conf.Fields
      .Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusing") =   cdoSendUsingPort
      .Item("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserver") = "your.smtp.server"
      .Update
    End With
  End If
  
  Dim Message 'As New CDO.Message
  
  'Create CDO message object
  Set Message = CreateObject("CDO.Message")
  With Message
    'Set cached configuration
    Set .Configuration = Conf
    
    'Set email adress, subject And body
    .To = aTo
    .Subject = Subject
    .TextBody = TextBody
    
    'Set sender address If specified.
    If Len(aFrom) > 0 Then .From = aFrom
    
    'Send the message
    .Send
  End With
End Sub

4. Outlook

Sub SendMailOutlook(aTo, Subject, TextBody, aFrom)
  
  'Create an Outlook object
  Dim Outlook 'As New Outlook.Application
  Set Outlook = CreateObject("Outlook.Application")
  
  'Create e new message
  Dim Message 'As Outlook.MailItem
  Set Message = Outlook.CreateItem(olMailItem)
  With Message
    'You can display the message To debug And see state
    '.Display
    
    .Subject = Subject
    .Body = TextBody
    
    'Set destination email address
    .Recipients.Add (aTo)
    
    'Set sender address If specified.
    Const olOriginator = 0
    If Len(aFrom) > 0 Then .Recipients.Add(aFrom).Type = olOriginator
    
    'Send the message
    .Send
  End With
End Sub