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In creating art you would probably encounter some problems in creating realistic expressions of you subject. Shadows are where most artists, especially impressionists, have difficulty with. There's more to shadows than the color black. While black is the absence of colors, shadows have colors in them. You have to understand the colors of shadows to make your creation more realistic.

What colors are in shadows?

When impressionists first began using colors to create realistic shadows in their fine art paintings they used violet. Sunlight or yellow corresponds to the color violet. Complementary colors in a painting emphasizes and brightens the primary color in you creation. Violet was used as a mixture of glazing of the primary color using either an ultramarine with red or cobalt blue with red.

When you study some of the most famous works of art you will see that the shadows are powerful and create effective highlights. Using different tints of blue, green, yellow, and red, you can paint the shadows of a black steam engine without using the color black. Lead white and ivory black are just added touches to create the shadow illusion when added in the painting. The darkest shadows include purple and green but no shadow is purely black.

What is the best technique to use to paint shadows?

Depending on how well they are executed, shadows in a painting can be very dramatic or they can destroy it. They are not just an added element but important components and need to be given significant consideration in the context of the painting. Creating a subtle and realistic end product would mean using colors that are harmonious with the object of the shadow. To create the shadow, a darker tint or a complementary color of the object should be used. To see the shadows, if you're having a hard time doing so, try squinting while looking at your subject to help you see the space that is lighter compared to the space that is darker. Whether it is a form shadow or a shadow that is cast, you can create the shadow correctly in this manner.

A form and a cast shadow, what's the difference?

The origin of the shadow will tell you the coloring you will use to portray the shadow. For instance, the image has obscured the light and created a shadow in the form of the image, this means that the shadow that the image makes is dark. This is the cast shadow and the shape will be well defined because it is the absence of light only where the image is preventing the light from shining. The intensity changes for this shadow depending on the distance from the object. An example of this is when the shadow a tree casts will be very well defined right up by the trunk of the tree but as it continues across the ground away from the tree more light is reflected and the shadow gets lighter and less defined.

The form shadow is off to one side of the object so it is mixed with light and not well defined, unlike the cast shadow. It produces edges that are soft and less defined than the cast shadows. The density of the form shadow is lighter because it is not a shadow that is thrown from being completely blocked from the light source.

Form shadows are used in paintings to create the illusion that the object is not flat but is a realistic 3D version of the subject of the painting. Be sure to study the object carefully because a mistakenly shaped shadow or a shadow in the wrong place will ruin the feeling of reality. The shadow will most likely be purely a cast shadow, if the light on the object is from a direct light source.

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