Building a Wright Brothers Flying Machine

The framed wings are done and now it’s time to attach the two wings together to form a bi-wing for the flying machine. To achieve the required lift early aircraft, aeroplanes and flying machines had to have two wings, commonly called bi-planes, this was due to two reasons one was the motors, or power plants of the time were not powerful enough to produce the thrust required to use just one wing, called a mono plane. And the other reason was the technology of the day to make a mono-plane or single wing aircraft safe to fly and stable was not available. So the two wings had to be connected together to act in unison as one wing this was accomplished by separating the two wing by struts so both wings would produce the lift required. Struts are the vertical wood bracing between the wings and held in place by guy wires. I built a support frame to hold the top and bottom wings at the proper distance and alignment. The struts were made of Sitka Spruce and the edges were round over or curved for aerodynamic shape. At the ends of the struts wire loops were installed using bent wire coat hangers to attach to wire hooks on the wings to form a hinge so the wings will be free to move to provide the roll control of the wing warping maneuver. Each loop was attached to the struts by wrapping it with waxed cord. (See photos) For the flying machine there were 12 struts arranged in pairs front to back, 3 pairs on each side of the pilot. They were not evenly spaced and this was designed by the Wright’s to give the maximum wing warping at the wing tips where it was needed. As also you might notice the slight droop of the wings, it’s called anhedral and it was intentionally designed by the Wright’s. While at Kitty Hawk the Wrights encountered cross winds, (winds that come from the left or right to the direction of travel) and one side of the wing would lift, threaten to flip the machine, to counteract this the brothers made the wings droop a few inches so the cross winds would force the wing down and make the machine more easy to control. To see the photos of the wing, struts together go to my photo album.
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