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Semicolin's Blog

the (mis-) adventures... continued.

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Welcome!

Welcome to my blog. A big Saludos to all those I've shared these (mis-) adventures with (whether you liked them or not). You'll see links to Semicolin.dotphoto.com. I house my photos there because it's free with unlimited space. The most recent posts are on top (except for this one). You can see "Tags" in the side bar to the right for all blog topics. To see all video blogs, click on the "Video" tag in the sidebar, or click here to go to my Google Video page. Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions or comments: semicolin1 "at" hotmail (that's a 'one' after semicolin). > > > Be well. Colin.
To listen to some of my MUSIC selections, click here. Or, use the box below to play some of my favorite radio news, humor, & shows.
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Son of the Wind

I have a good friend serving as a Peace Corps Volunteer in South Africa. She has written and is directing a play to benefit people of the the !Xun tribe. She is looking to spread the word and raise funds to complete the project and produce the play. Click below to read more and see the websites:

http://www.sasi.org.za/sonofthewind.html
http://www.sasi.org.za/
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Read more...

Greaselog - Year 3

Captain's Log: Stardate 62720.8 (April 3, 2008)

I've been piloting 'Chip' [model French Fried Ford (FFF)-1] for three years now. I have learned much in my time with this Greasy Beast. For one thing, as might be expected, it has an insatiable appetite for grease. Chinese and Mexican restaurant grease seem to be it's favorite- although it'll slurp down any fatty vegetarian extract, as long as it's fairly clean, non-hydrogenated, and free of chunks. I learned that the hard way. At the moment, the 13 gallon per minute grease transfer pump is plugged, substantially slowing down my fueling missions. I was also tricked during hot weather into putting hydrogenated oil into the tank, only to be hampered with multiple, gooey filter changes when it turned cold. The Belching Behemoth doesn't like the cold, and will choke out white smoke in the mornings when below freezing. Using the plug-in block heater helps. A newly added submersible aquarium heater in the WVO tank helps me switch to Enviro-mode earlier, too. Those tricks don't do any good while travelling away from home, though. So, I was rescued once by AAA this past year.

And talk about high maintenance! There's a strange, black film that builds up on the inside of the tank, which then sluffs off and plugs the fuel intake. I cleaned as much of it out by hand twice last year as I could- a very messy endeavor. However, it really softens the hands which is nice. As far as regular old-diesel-vehicle issues- it wasn't as bad as last year. Regular maintenance is twice as high as my old Honda Civic (2 batteries to replace, rather than one, and a 4-gal motor oil capacity). Testing out it's ruggedness during my trip to Mexico in '07 and other rough-road trips cost me nearly $500 in front axle and alignment repairs.

Is it worth it? Let's just say it's not for everybody. For once thing, if I just drove less or carpooled more (there's no public transportation in my town), that would be the most environmentally sound livelihood. But, since I'm a road-trip-aholic, it feels good knowing that 70% of my driving is carbon-neutral. Using ~1,150 gal of waste vegetable oil (WVO) over the 21,239 total miles I drove last year, I calculated that this saved me from using 998 gallons of diesel, which prevented 22,330 pounds of fossil fuel-based CO2 from being emitted and converted to $1,830 in fuel costs savings (only about $900 in savings if you consider the additional costs of filters and the amount of time I put into filtering and gathering waste oil- between 2 to 4 hours per month). For details on my fuel use (lots and lots of them, including carbon emission info for my air travel), see this spreadsheet by clicking here. Or, click here for other blog entries about my fatty wagon. Here's another brief, but good commentary on reducing fuel use by Phil.

I guess you can say it's become a way of life. So, for now:
Onward in the Kung Pow Express!

Dr. Horrible....

The title doesn't refer to you I hope. Last night I watched Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along-Blog while drinking green beer. It's an internet film- comedy, musical, and tragedy all in one. So I was told, it was written during the writers strike last year when the writers had nothing else to do. Pretty good, and it wasn't because of the green beer. Here's the link:

http://www.hulu.com/dr-horribles-sing-along-blog

You can watch the whole thing (about 45mins), or each of the 3 acts separately.

Solar Box Bakin' at Box Canyon

I recently learned that Superbowl Sunday has an estimated 500-ton carbon footprint. So, I started thinking about what could be done to offset the Super-carbon footprint during that weekend. Two things that seem extremely abundant in the desert surrounding my home town are sunlight and rocks. How could I combine the two to maximize fun and efficiency? I had a new mission for Saturday, Jan 31st.
The Mission: Gather with friends to build solar ovens and take our cooking apparati with us to Box Canyon to Boulder while we Bake.

Methods: I had quite a few responses to the message I sent out, but in the end Bob and Cort were the most inspired (or bored? or curious to watch my follies?). I decided to build a box-style solar oven using cardboard, aluminum foil, and a pane of glass that I found near a dumpster. Most of my design ideas came from the internet (my design followed this website mostly, but with significant variations that I learned from this other website).

Results:
Out at Box Canyon, from right to left: Bob still working on his parabolic roaster, my solar box oven, Cort toasting the occasion, and Cort's trash scraps-to-oven box cooker. Oh yeah, and Cort's white Prius. Since when did computer scientists become hippies? Cort got his oven to 180F in the afternoon light. Enough to get his cinnamon rolls warm and gooey.





Bob attempting to roast a weenie in the last rays of the day. Yes, we ran out of daylight and didn't get to fully test our newly built eco-pliances. And, strangely, solar ovens don't work well at night.


However, there was time for some Box-style cranking where the sun was shining down the canyon.




Trial #2 was much more successful. Back at the house I set the oven up at 8:45AM on Feb 6th. By 10:00 I was over 280F and melted the plastic off my cheap-o instant-read thermometer. After a trip to the store to buy a real oven thermometer, I put my vegetarian "pigs-in-a-blanket" in the oven to bake while I cleaned out the fuel tank of my truck, also vegetarian (there were marble-sized fried kibbles plugging the fuel line intake). The oven got up to 325deg F by 11:30am. Not bad for a winter day with a 39.1 degree sun altitude! The ambient temperature was 64 in the shade.

Here's a picture of the "soy-pigs-in-a-blanket" turning golden brown at 325F in the solar oven.

Conclusion: For most days of the year in New Mexico, this oven will work really well. With it's ability to maintain at least 325F, I can bake chicken and brownies! During the summer, with ambient temperatures reaching >100F, I'm going to try breaking 400F. I can see pizzas, chicken pot pies, fresh baked bread in the future... Mmmmm can't wait to try out more sun-cuisine!

2009-01 Ouray Ice

Just a quick post from my recent trip to Ouray with Colin C. Happened to meet up with Thondup from Albuquerque (thanks for the screws and tools!) and Thomas and Dan from Arizona, who I happened to meet on Castleton tower, Utah, in 2005 (this trip). I *finally* got on Stairway to Heaven (900' WI4) in Eureka, CO, after being scared off by it's length, crowds, and frequent avalanche danger. Everything came together this time. Thanks for the good times everyone.

If slideshow below doesn't work click here.


Three Cheers for Three Cups of Tea

The Story of Greg Mortenson & the Central Asia Institute

I can't believe I'm writing a second book review on my blog so soon. It seems in the absence of recent outdoor (mis-)adventures, I've filled my time with adventures of the mind- and it's been worth it. I don't plan to make a habit of reviewing books, but this story is too incredible to not hype.

How can I sum-up Three Cups of Tea? When I first heard about it at Telluride's MountainFilm event a few years ago, the book was described as about a mountaineer who got lost in the Himalayas and wound up dedicating himself to building schools in Pakistan and Afghanistan. Interesting, but stories about random acts of kindness by mountaineers don't normally sell me. Mountaineering is a selfish endeavour and doing a single good deed doesn't in itself make the mountaineer a philanthropist worthy of a book. (That doesn't mean I'll stop participating!) Then my mom lent me her copy. Very intriguing... why's my mom reading a book about a mountaineer?

After reading it, I have another description of the book: In the big picture, it's the story about the economic and illiteracy roots of terrorism in Central Asia and the Middle East and about a guy who's taking great strides, despite overwhelming odds, to change those conditions. For instance, in places where poor Muslims' only opportunities for education and a job are through religious extremist schools, Mortenson says, "What's the difference between them becoming a productive local citizen or a terrorist? I think the key is education." And Mortenson's schools offer balanced, secular education. However, the heroism in the book is more subtle and the big picture view only gradually comes to light through the simpler story of a mountaineer who serendipitously winds up building schools because he's passionate about helping those less fortuate and standing up for the underdogs. Ooo, such a serious topic with high MEGO factor. However, don't let your eyes glaze over- it's a much more exciting book than I would have imagined possible for such an initially dull-sounding subject, with incredible stories of Mortenson surviving a kidnapping and getting caught in a gun-fire fight, among other things.

Besides winning many awards (one of which I hope will be the Nobel Peace Prize someday), Mortenston has received death threats from Americans for helping Muslims. While I believe being mis-informed is unfortuate, it can be understandable. After all, people have limited time to gather information and are bombarded with propaganda from (usually) a limited number of media outlets. However to threaten, judge, or bully someone for their actions without trying to understanding their culture or situation is narrow-minded bigotry, the same ingredient that brews terrorism. Mind expansion is something else this book offers. Culturally, it's an eye-opener on subjects such as the Islamic religion and values. Politically, the book helped me understand a little more about the Taliban rise to power and Middle Eastern history. Economically, it touches on aspects about the reality and consequences of unfulfilled international economic aid. The book also describes places I'd like to see myself, if my man-parts were as big as Mortenson's in order to endure his challenges.

Since they're not, I donated dinero to the cause and am urging my friends & family to donate to the Central Asia Institute as my birthday gift. Here's more information:

Green Family Tree

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Geez. My Dad bought a Prius about 5 years ago. Then I started burning waste vegetable oil in a diesel F250 (also known as "Chip"). Now my brother & his family have 2 more hybrid cars and are producing enough solar energy on their roof that his electricity meter runs backwards on sunny days. Is the Lee Family contributing to the dangerous "Smug Alerts" now looming in South Park's America? It could be. However, I offer another explanation: For my brother & I, I believe it's a reaction to ward off a childhood of harassment. We were often the recipients of an onslaught of "Turn off the lights because you're wasting electricity!" and "Don't waste paper!" by my dad. As a kid, I replaced "electricity" and "paper" with "money" and it all made sense why he was badgering us. Afterall, another favorite saying of his was "Money doesn't grow on trees, you know." However, when my dad bought his Prius, I had to do the math: at $4/gal for unleaded and 15,000 miles per year of driving, it would take about 7-8 years to make up the $5,000 price difference between a hybrid and non-hybrid car. It didn't make economic sense. So, that means he really cares about the environment? My Dad had turned us into granola hippies not through smugness, but through pestering.

And now, I'm happy to show off my brother & family's green improvements to their house in Palo Alto. Hopefully not through smugness, but rather a celebration that each person can humbly do what (s)he can because (s)he cares.

Nolan & Sandi's first move was to replace all their toilets with dual-flush varieties. You press the low-volume flush button of it's yellow & mellow. The other button for brown to make it all go down. A pretty humble beginning, huh?

A year later, as I mentioned above, they replaced their two family cars with a Toyote Prius and hybrid Highlander out of the need to replace their aging vehicles and for the growing family. The blue Prius in the driveway belongs to dad.

The solar water heater came next. Out of all their improvements, this one Nolan says "Didn't make sense to not buy" because the Federal and State incentives will help them pay off and begin saving money in just a few years. This solar unit heats coolant which is pumped through pipes to his furnace-less hot water tank.

Here's their hot water tank and on-demand water heater. On nice, sunny days the solar panels heat water to a scalding point, requiring an automatic mixing valve to engage which cools the hot water before it reaches the taps in the house. When it's less sunny, warm water from the solar water tank is routed through the box mounted on the left wall which heats the water to their designated 120F temperature. Heating only the water you need saves gas and money compared to maintaining a whole tank at 120F.

Here's Nolan with their 4.1KWHdc-rated photovoltaic solar panels. Actually, the inverter converts from DC to AC and results in something like 3.1 KWHac, which meets about 80% of his household use. In 2008 federal and California incentives reduced the price of this system by a decent $9,000. In 2009 additional federal incentives would have saved him an additional $3,000 had he waited to buy it then. Nolan's also standing on their new roof- outfitted with 3M's heat-reflecting shingles which reduces cooling costs and energy consumption in the summer.

Here's Owen pointing to the utility meter. The box mounted just above and to the right integrates the solar energy production stats to Regrid's website. The image below shows that during the month of September they were producing about 20kWh of energy per day. Peak energy production was between noon-3pm, although the small dip at 1pm is caused by shade from a tree partially blocks some panels at that time.



The Regrid website proclaims that in the past 4 months, "This system has produced 1,932 kWh of clean, renewable energy!" OK, so a little smugness never hurt anyone, unless you happen to live in the town of South Park. Neat Stuff, Nolan and Sandi! Thanks for your pestering, Mom & Dad!

A Man with a Plan

A friend of my father mailed me a book out of the blue saying he heard I worked in the conservation field and thought I'd enjoy reading it. I didn't put a priority on reading another "doom and gloom" non-fiction book. "Hey," I thought,"One of my degrees was from a progressive (a.k.a. "radical") Conservation and Resource Studies program and I'm already trying to be a responsible world citizen, so I don't need to be lectured more on what I should or shouldn't do and get all depressed about it." So, it sat on my shelf for over a year until I recently picked it up and worked my way through. Yes, it was somewhat a review of my 5-year Conservation and Resource Studies major. But, I've gotta say it was refreshing, motivating, and informative; a good read. The book is titled Plan B: Mobilizing to Save Civilization written by Lester Brown and published by the Earth Policy Institute. I read version 2.0, but a 2008 update is called Plan B 3.0.

I'm not going to go into a full account of his arguments here (boring), but the real basic gist is that he uses data from various fields (science, economics, health care, & more) to first convince the reader that current global development patterns are leading to environmental issues that are a real threat to the world as we know it and goes on further to recommend a holistic set of recommendations and action items that need to be carried out in order to set our environment, economy, and social system back on track. I think the strongest part of Brown's book is his repeated use of examples of the "dishonest" economic valuation of the world's goods and services and how that leads the free market to make poor decisions in utilizing our resources. He shows how "dishonest" valuation is brought about by governments wrongfully subsidizing goods and services to the point of allowing inefficient business to flourish. These businesses are inefficient in terms of cash use and over-utilization of natural resources; i.e. the "overshoot-and-collapse" trajectory that led to the downfall of historical civilizations as covered in Jared Diamond's book Collapse. This is an important component of the book because if free market screw-ups are one of the causes of our predicament, then free market tools can be used to get us out and he provides numerous examples of economic policies that, if put in place, would be both economically and environmentally beneficial. In his analysis, he believes a new global economy can largely be made by simply shifting existing subsidies and not creating new taxes. It appears the U.S. Congress has recently been talking about reducing oil subsidies and possibly re-allocating it to clean energy development (citation here).

There are many additional brilliant insights that Lester points out in the book (and a couple that I'm a little dubious about). I'll name just two more points that gave this book a 5-chili rating in my opinion: He doesn't just focus on bad U.S. policies, which would be very easy, but instead gives examples from around the world. So, no one's innocent and we're all in this together. Lastly, he addresses a point that most governments and environmental organizations choose to ignore or remain silent about- the effects of over-population. He doesn't go as far as praising China for it's one-child policy (which would probably tank the book with criticism), but makes it a central theme in many chapters. Human population growth is something more countries are going to have to deal with sooner or later.

As for what a person like me can do about the doom & gloom, I suppose I'm starting by reviewing this book on my blog. And, I've already bought a copy of the book to send to a friend and lent my own to another friend. Go Lester! I'm a new fan.

P.S. This book is available as a free download here. However, I find it easier to read books in paper form and I also wound up scribbling notes all-over the margins of my own copy.

4 Mountain Ranges, 3 Weeks, 2 Countries: Summer Climbs 2008

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Once again, I was fortunate to take an extended vacation this summer. The purpose of this trip was to assist "Dahlia" in her quest to be the first inflatable doll to summit Mount Olympus... OK, actually the impetus was to be Best Man at Phil's wedding and after half jokingly mentioning whether he wanted to climb Mount Bachelor for his bachelor party, he decided to set our sights on something more monumental: Mount Olympus. And, of course, since this was to be a bachelor party, there needed to be an inflatable doll. Since I was going to be up in the Pacific Northwest, I thought I may as well get in touch with Mark again and he was jazzed about climbing in the Bugaboos. I got in touch with Willie, too, and he had been wanting to climb the "Arm" of Sahale Peak, so I said "why not?" Thus, a 3-week trip was born.

Click on play icon to view the 4-Part video below (approx. 11min, or click here for individual videos). Continue reading for details (in four parts).

Part I: Mount Olympus, Olympic National Park, Olympic Mountains
This is an epic mountain that I've been looking forward to for a couple years not because of the technical challenges, but because of the variety of environments it travels through. An 18 mile approach through temperate rainforest and then sub-alpine fir forest is required before reaching the alpine zone and getting access to the Blue Glacier. And besides steep glacier and snow climbing, a final rock pitch (5.4) tops the mountain. We accomplished all this and on our hike-out day, we drove a short distance to Rialto Beach for a 3-mile stroll. This trip had it all- from rainforest, to glacier, to beach!

We took a fairly leisurely 5 days to complete the trip, which made it more enjoyable while carrying the extra weight of both climbing and backpacking gear (and an inflatable doll in the spirit of Phil's bachelor party). This also allowed flexibility to make a second summit bid if the weather didn't cooperate. We took a 60m rope since getting off the top requires either 4th class travel on what sounded like loose rock or a 30m rappel. Gear recommendation: Books say gear to 2", but if you're comfortable climbing 5.4, a handful of nuts and some slings will do (I placed 5 pieces of gear, all <1"). Access to the 4th class ascent/descent off the summit block was in sketchy conditions because of a large "moat" that melted out around the base of the rock in those sections, so it was good we had planned to climb the 5th-class route to the top. I'm fairly certain we assisted in what was the first ascent of Mount Olympus by an inflatable doll.

Brief trip report/Mt. Olympus Beta and Topo:* From Glacier camp, we ascended a well-used trail for 1 mile, crossing a couple snow fields and exposed scree sections on the way. We chose to not put on crampons during this section, but with the alpine start, snow was hard & slickery! This took us to the top of and along the eastern lateral moraine. Toward the far (southern) end of the moraine, an eroded trail went almost straight down to the Blue Glacier at approx 5,000' elevation. We roped up here for glacier travel. A climbing traverse southwest toward the right side of the ice falls took us to a gap in the rock outcrops with a moderately steep slope and an already beaten path that zig-zagged northwest-ish to the top of Snow Dome. The entrance to this "gap" was at approx. 5,600' elevation. From there, we stayed on the ridge and then contoured around crevasses to a col at about 7,220' (I think this is called Crystal Pass). Through this pass, we continued along the south side of a couple "false summit" blocks, then across about 100m of loose scree and gravel toward the real summit block, traversed under the eastern face of Mount Olympus's West Peak, up a steep (60+ degree?) snow slope to the base of the North Face. There was a thin (3" thick) snow bridge at the top of the snow slope that a climber had warned me about the previous day. That was good beta. I led 28m of climbing up and slightly left, through a short (3m) dihedral, and finally to a belay at a block with a rap sling. Scrambling took us to the summit. Voila! (We were half way done!).
(* The usual disclaimer: Consult a book for real beta, I'm not responsible if you get lost, hurt, or killed). Click on photo map to view full image and see our route.

A few days later after the Mount Olympus trip and before Phil's wedding, I also took an 11-mile round trip hike down the Dungeness Spit (Dungeness National Wildlife Refuge) to the lighthouse. Nice, peaceful hike with some shorebirds beginning to migrate through. Click here for a photo album of this trip (or check out video above).

Part II: Sahale Peak, North Cascades National Park, North Cascade Mountains

Willie picked me up at 6am in Shoreline (two days after Phil's wedding) and we drove to the North Cascades for a day trip up the Sahale Arm to the peak. We had a few small mishaps getting to Marblemount, but fortunately the hike and route itself was very straight forward and in a speedy 5hrs 25min we hiked up the 5,000' of elevation gain, climbed the steep snow and glacier field, climbed (roped) the 5.-easy blocks, and were standing on the summit. This was a nice, low-stress day with great views. The 2007-2008 winter was a heavy snow year so there was still plenty of snow on the Sahale glacier to cover the bergshrund and the afternoon snow was soft enough to kick steps without crampons. This allowed us to save weight by taking only an ice axe. We took & used a 60m rope (50m or perhaps a 30m would do) and small rack to climb the summit blocks, although some strong climbing parties solo the ~20m of exposed moves to get to the summit (more confidence inspiring if the rock is dry). Click here for a photo album of this trip.

Part III: Bugaboos, Bugaboo Provincial Park, B.C., Purcell Mountains

The day following Sahale, Willie & I brunched at the Calico Cupboard (highly recommended) in "quaint" La Conner and then he dropped me off in Burlington where I met Mark, who was coming from his own wedding in Victoria, B.C., two days earlier. We took 2 days to drive to the trailhead. Click here for photo album (or see video above).

Day 1: Packing 2 ropes, a large rack (pro to 4"), mountaineering gear, extra bivy gear for an intended 2-day climb (didn't happen), and 9 days of food, we were each loaded down (approx 80lbs each) for the hike in- the heaviest pack I had ever carried. Fortunately it was only 3.6 miles.

Day 2: Bugaboo Spire, NE Ridge (IV, 5.7)
This is one of the 50 Classic Climbs in North American, according to Steck & Roper's book by that name. A mega-classic, I shouldn'tve been too surprised to be the 4th party in line despite rising at 3:40am for an alpine start. Shoulda slept in! (Smile) Mark led a nice 5.9 variation on the first pitch. We soloed 2 or 3 pitches of un-exposed 4th/5th class chimneys half-way up the route. After topping out on the north summit, came the awesome knife-edge traverse to the south summit, with stunning 1000' drop-offs on each side. The descent was 2 raps, a short climb up, 2 raps, ridge traverse, 2 raps, down climb, short rap, then traverse the ridge off (or something like that, my memory is shady). The trick for the final walk-off, as according to the guide, was to stay as close to the ridge crest as possible and avoid the many worn trails that descend too early.

Day 3: Pigeon Spire, West Ridge (II, 5.4)
A rest day for us. Based on info we got from another climber, We decided to solo this route to save weight and time & maximize enjoyment. One of my favorite route of the whole trip because of the spectacular positions and views and nice, solid rock. Lots of friendly people on this popular route.

Day 4: Snowpatch Spire, Southwest Ridge (aka "Surfs Up") (III, 5.9, 7 pitches)
If you can turn your brain off during the 4 pitches of dirty, licheny climbing that precede surfs up ledge, the remainder of this climb presents high quality, fun lie-backs and hand and fist jams to the top. Again, great views!

Day 5: Another Rest day. We had superb weather until this point (too hot, in fact), but the Kain Hut attendant posted incoming rain for the remainder of the week. Applebee Camp converted from a 45+ tent carnival to a pleasant 7-tent community in a matter of days. Actually, since Mark had found us a nice, secluded campsite, the Applebee Camp experience was fun. I heard German, British, Japanese, French, and other unidentified languages there. A Camp Four-esque experience.

Day 6: Crescent Spire, McTech Arete (III, 5.10)
This was a good route to climb with a forecast for bad weather since there are options to rap at the top of every pitch. I thought this route had the most fun technical climbing for the whole trip. Great jams- fingers, hands, and fists- on each pitch. Easily protected. In fact, one of my favorite routes of all time!

Day 7: Hike out. This was 2 days earlier than we had planned, but sounded like the better option than sitting out the rains in a tent. On the way out we did a quick tour of the blue glacier ice on Bugaboo Glacier around the base of "Son of Snowpatch" spire.

Part IV: Mount Gimli (IV, 5.10 variation of a 5.8 climb), Valhalla Provincial Park, B.C., Selkirk Mountains

Based on a tip from Phil, we decided to visit the hip town of Nelson and scrounge for information about climbing Mount Gimli, which he had visited and shown me striking pictures of. The library's internet turned out the be the best source of information and, armed with Gary Clark's topo, the following day we set out to climb. This may have been my favorite climb of this trip (Or maybe it was Pigeon Spire. No, maybe Bugaboo. Mount Olympus? Aaahhhh! They're all good!). Fog sat in the valley below during our hike in. By the time we topped out, it had risen and caught up to us, denying us of a summit view. However, I welcomed the eerie atmosphere it created. We were surprised to find snow and icicles on the August summit, which must've formed during the cold front and storms just a day or two earlier. Click here for photo album (or see video above).

Some Stats for the 3 week trip:
  • Total Hiking Distance: 95 miles (153km)
  • Hiking Elevation Gain: 17,269 feet (5,264m)
  • Vertical Technical Climbing: 3,832 feet (1,168m)
  • Approx. cost of unleaded gas (87 octane) per gallon in the U.S.: US$4.00, in Canada: US$5.25

    To use my new Bugaboo-acquired vocabulary:
    "Berg Heil!"

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